Table 3. Types of BC techniques used by selected projects according to intervention model.
| Projects | Types of Behaviour Change Strategies | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | Consequences | Comparison of outcomes | Associations | Goals and Planning | Feedback and monitoring | Self-belief | Context | Reward and incentives | Scheduled consequences | |
| - Info. on transmission cycle and risk practices. - Instructions to adopt safe practices. |
- Info. about health consequences. - Info. about social consequences - Info. about severity of consequences. - Info. about benefits. |
- Credible actors explain pros and cons of behaviours. - Explicit comparison of prod and cons. |
- Environmental reminders / stimuli for safe behaviour. - Environmental reminders of benefits. |
- Analysis of problems and outline of correcting measures. - Planning how to implement measures. - Agreement on goals. - Public commitment to measures or goals. |
- Monitoring of compliance. - Feedback to actors on performance. |
- Advise or statements stressing local capacity to implement recommendations. | - Changes to the physical environment. - Changes to the social environment. |
- Rewards or promises of rewards if progress towards compliance (material or immaterial). | - Arranged system of sanctions based on behavioural outcome. | |
| HEALTH EDUCATION INTERVENTIONS | ||||||||||
| Chaula & Tarimo, 2014 [45] | X | X | ||||||||
| Cline & Hewlett., 1996 [40] | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
| Ejike et al. 2017 [47] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Ejike et al. 2021 [48] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Favre et al., 2021 [49] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Garba et al, 2001 [50] | X | X | X | |||||||
| Guang-Han et al., 2005 [51] | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
| Hong et al., 2011 [52] | X | X | X a | |||||||
| Jia-Gang et al., 2005 [53] | X | X | ||||||||
| Lansdown et al., 2002 [49] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Nagi et al. 2005 [56] | X | X | X | |||||||
| N’Diaye et al., 2016 [55] | X | X | X a | |||||||
| Oyeyemi et al., 2018 [57] | X | X | X a | |||||||
| Stothard et al., 2016 [58] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Wang et al., 2013 [60] | X | X | X | X | ||||||
| Wolmarans & de Knock, 2009 [61] | X | X | ||||||||
| Yuan et al., 2000 [62] | X | X | ||||||||
| SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL INTERVENTIONS | ||||||||||
| Nsowah-Nuamah et al. 2001 [63] | X | X | X | X | X a,b | X | ||||
| Hurlimann et al., 2018 [64] | X | X | X | X | X | X b | ||||
| Madon et al., 2018 [66] | X | X | X | X | X | X a,b | X | |||
| Mwanga et al., 2013 [67] | X | X | X | X | X | X b | ||||
| Mwanga et al., 2015 [70] | X | X | X | X | X | X a,b | ||||
| Person et al., 2021 [71] Knopp et al., 2019 [72] |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X a,b | |||
| Rassi et al., 2019 [74] | X | X | X | X | X b | |||||
| PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL INTERVENTIONS | ||||||||||
| El Kholy et al., 1989 [76] | X a | |||||||||
| Freeman et al., 2013 [77] | X | X a | ||||||||
| Kosinski, et al., 2016 [78] | X a | |||||||||
| Noda et al., 1997 [79] | X a | |||||||||
| Wepne et al., 2019 [80] | X a | |||||||||
| INCENTIVES BASED INTERVENTIONS | ||||||||||
| Fink & Rockers, 2017 [81] | X | |||||||||
| Muhumuza et al., 2014 [82] | X | |||||||||
a. Physical environment
b. Social environment