. 2023 May 5;17:e20220072. doi: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0072

Table 2. Incidence rate of memory complaint during the COVID-19 in adults at Southern Brazil (n=854).

		Model 1 HR (95%CI)^*	p-value	Model 2 HR (95%CI)^†	p-value	Model 3 HR (95%CI)^†	p-value	Model 4 HR (95%CI)^†	p-value	Model 5 HR (95%CI)^†	p-value
Demographic
Sex
	Male (ref)	1.00	0.002 ^*	1.00	0.003 ^*	1.00	0.002 ^*	1.00	0.006 ^*	1.00	0.002
	Female	1.58 (1.24–2.00)	0.002 ^*	1.50 (1.16–1.93)	0.003 ^*	1.49 (1.16–1.93)	0.002 ^*	1.49 (1.12–1.97)	0.006 ^*	1.49 (1.16–1.94)	0.002
Age, years
	30 or younger	1.84 (1.22–2.77)	0.001†	1.70 (1.13–2.57)	0.004†	1.60 (1.05–2.46)	0.017†	1.27 (0.81–1.99)	0.069^†	1.39 (0.90–2.14)	0.051^†
	31–59	1.45 (0.97–2.18)		1.39 (0.93–2.09)		1.35 (0.89–2.04)		1.02 (0.66–1.57)		1.17 (0.77–1.78)
	60 or older (ref)	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Educational achievement
	High school or lower (ref)	1.00	0.278^*
	University degree or higher	0.90 (0.75–1.09)	0.278^*
Skin color
	White (ref)	1.00	0.802^*
	Black	0.87 (0.57–1.32)
	Mixed	0.89 (0.53–1.48)
	Other	0.54 (0.08–3.87)
Conjugal status
	Living alone (ref)	1.00	0.113	1.00	0.389^*
	With partner	1.16 (0.97–1.38)	0.113	1.09 (0.90–1.33)	0.389^*
COVID-19 pandemic-related
Reduced monthly income
	No (ref)	1.00	0.002 ^*			1.00	0.038 ^*	1.00	0.149^*	1.00	0.144^*
	Yes	1.23 (1.03–1.47)	0.002 ^*			1.22 (1.01–1.47)	0.038 ^*	1.15 (0.95–1.39)	0.149^*	1.15 (0.95–1.39)	0.144^*
Daily routine
	At home most of the time (ref)	1.00	0.541^*
	Left home only to essentials	0.88 (0.62–1.24)
	Left home all days	0.82 (0.56–1.18)
Lack of access to prescribed medicine during the pandemic
	No	1.00	0.010 ^*			1.00	0.037 ^*	1.00	0.037 ^*	1.00	0.023 ^*
	Yes	1.73 (1.20–2.49)				1.54 (1.06–2.23)		1.55 (1.07–2.25)		1.54 (1.06–2.23)
	No regular use of medicine	1.10 (0.89–1.37)				1.00 (0.79–1.25)		1.00 (0.80–1.26)		1.03 (0.82–1.29)
Chronic conditions
Hypertension
	No	1.00	0.864^*
	Yes	1.02 (0.79–1.33)	0.864^*
Diabetes
	No	1.00	0.223^*
	Yes	1.31 (0.85–2.00)	0.223^*
Depression
	No	1.00	0.015 ^*					1.00	0.250^*
	Yes	1.31 (1.06–1.64)	0.015 ^*					1.16 (0.90–1.50)	0.250^*
High cholesterol
	No	1.00	0.596^*
	Yes	0.92 (0.68–1.24)	0.596^*
Other
	No	1.00	0.777^*
	Yes	0.97 (0.76–1.22)	0.777^*
Psychiatric symptoms
Worsened anxiety symptoms
	No	1.00	<0.001 ^*					1.00	<0.001 ^*	1.00	<0.001 ^*
	Yes	1.97 (1.62–2.38)	<0.001 ^*					1.84 (1.51–2.25)	<0.001 ^*	1.81 (1.49–2.21)	<0.001 ^*
Worsened depressive symptoms
	No	1.00	<0.001 ^*					1.00	0.315^*
	Yes	1.41 (1.13–1.75)	<0.001 ^*					1.13 (0.89–1.43)	0.315^*
Nutritional
Body mass index
	Normal	1.00	0.241^†
	Overweight	0.90 (0.73–1.09)
	Obese	0.88 (0.69–1.12)
Behavioral
Physical activity at baseline
	Inactive	1.00	0.009 ^*							1.00	0.018 ^†
	Active	0.75 (0.60–0.93)	0.009 ^*							0.65 (0.57–0.74)	0.018 ^†

Notes: Bold values indicate p<0.05;

p<0.05 compared to the reference group;

^†

p for linear trend.

Model 1: Crude; Model 2: Age, sex, conjugal; and Model 3: Model 2 plus reduced monthly income and lack of access to prescribed medicine; Model 4: Model 3 plus change in depression and anxiety symptoms and clinically diagnosed depression; Model 5: Model 4 plus physical activity.