Table 5.

Overview of main future research lines, motivations, and questions

Future direction	Motivation from IA determinant	Key questions
Digital interdependence	Reflecting on process mechanisms for IA raises management questions on digitalisation that increasingly plays a critical role in the processes of modern organisations	What is the influence of digital interdependence on IA? What are critical success factors of digitalisation for IA processes? How can organisations harness the potential of digital technology for improved IA?
Organisational legacy	Reflecting on organisational learning for IA and the progress made through IA warrants concerns for the legacy of systems and the ability of organisations to learn lessons is essential to maintaining such legacy	What is the relationship between organisational legacy, learning, and IA? What are the factors and processes for modernising legacy systems that enable IA?
Stewardship behaviour	Reflecting on leadership styles for IA offers prospects to further assess the behaviours of leaders for IA and focus on stewardship behaviour offers prospects to study responsibility and accountability of leaders	What is the role of stewardship behaviour by employees for IA? What are the issues of stewardship in IA and their influence on the various stages of the innovation process?
Technology sourcing	Reflecting on technology investments for IA elicits considerations for the strategy adopted to source technology and such sourcing strategy determines the speed, sophistication, and success of invested technology	What process for technology sourcing facilitates IA and what are the critical success factors of this process? What are the implementation mechanisms for technology sourcing in IA?
Organisational resilience	Reflecting on organisational contexts for IA provokes scrutiny of socio-economic shocks and crises that pose contexts for the resilience of organisations based on IA	How can IA be developed through organisational resilience and how can organisational resilience enhance IA? What contingency factors determine organisational resilience for IA in times of socio-economic shocks and crisis?
Environmental readiness	Reflecting on environmental uncertainties for IA induces examination of environmental factors for the IA that prepares organisations for institutional and societal changes	What is the relationship between environmental readiness and IA? What orientations towards IA enable organisations prepare for institutional and societal changes?
Institutional transformation	Reflecting on institutional pressures for IA stimulates wider considerations for organisations (as part of and pressured by institutions) to respond to and transform in view of socio-economic shocks and crises	What is the role of institutional transformation on IA by organisations? What is the impact of megatrends such as digitalisation, globalisation, and personalisation on IA by organisations?

Bold texts are the identified determinants while underlined texts are the main focus for organisations related to the determinants