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. 2023 May 22;103(8):100179. doi: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100179

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© 2023 United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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CD11b expression on leukocytes. (A) Upregulation of CD11b in COVID-19 (red circle) compared with controls (gray circles). The difference between comparison group (COVID-19) and controls is represented by distance between circles. (B) Statistically significant difference between COVID-19 group and controls according to a Dunnett test. (C) CD11b expression in a pneumonia control case. (D) Neutrophilic capillaritis in a COVID-19 vascular stage. (E) CD11b-positive intravascular white cell plugs in the epithelial stage of a COVID-19 patient. (F) CD11b-positive macrophages and giant cells in the fibrotic stage of a COVID-19 case. Original magnification, 200× (C, F); 100× (D, E).