Table 3.
Outcome variable | Extended cohort | Case patients | P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rate of change | SD | Rate of change | SD | ||
Metabolic | |||||
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | −0.01 | 0.1 | 3.8 | 0.6 | 0 |
HbA1c, % | −0.009 | 0.005 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
DI | −106.7 | 18.2 | −340.7 | 115.4 | 0.045 |
Glucose AUC, mg × h/dL | −3.0 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 3.7 | 0.1 |
Fasting insulin, μIU/mL | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.2 |
AIR, μU/mL | −58.368 | 14.4 | −161.2 | 88.4 | 0.2 |
2-h insulin, μIU/mL | −5.3 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 13.2 | 0.6 |
Insulin AUC, μIU × h/mL | −7.2 | 3.1 | −0.2 | 19.1 | 0.7 |
2-h glucose, mg × h/dL | −1.3 | 0.4 | −0.8 | 2.3 | 0.8 |
SG, %/min | 0 | 0 | −0.001 | 0.002 | 0.8 |
SI, ×10−4 min−1/(μU/mL) | −0.087 | 0.02 | −0.08 | 0.1 | 0.9 |
Body composition | |||||
Total bone mineral density, g/cm2 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
WC, cm | 1.4 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 0.02 |
Total bone mineral content, g | 193.0 | 3.8 | 151.9 | 19.6 | 0.04 |
Trunk fat, kg | 0.7 | 0.05 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.02 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | −0.01 | 0.001 | −0.002 | 0.01 | 0.06 |
Total fat mass, % | −0.8 | 0.08 | −0.02 | 0.4 | 0.07 |
Total fat mass, kg | 1.355 | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
Total fat mass, g | 1,355.3 | 95.1 | 2,184.7 | 498.3 | 0.1 |
SAAT, cm2 | 17.2 | 1.7 | 34.5 | 10.5 | 0.1 |
BMI percentile | −0.5 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
Calf subcutaneous fat, g | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.839 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
BMI z score, SD | −0.03 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.03 | 0.3 |
Excess percent of 95th percentile, % | −0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
IAAT-to-SAAT ratio | −0.01 | 0.001 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.6 |
IAAT, cm2 | −1.9 | 0.3 | −1.4 | 2.2 | 0.7 |
Abdominal subcutaneous fat, g | 3.4 | 0.2 | 3.8 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
Chest subcutaneous fat, g | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
Analysis was performed on unadjusted data, as well as with adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and Tanner stage. Bold font indicates significance.
IAAT, intra-abdominal adipose tissue; SAAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; SG, glucose effectiveness index.