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. 2023 Mar 27;72(6):735–745. doi: 10.2337/db22-1034

Table 3.

Logistic binomial regression was used to evaluate rates of change in insulin and adiposity measures over time between case patients (n = 6) and extended cohort (n = 256)

Outcome variable Extended cohort Case patients P
Rate of change SD Rate of change SD
Metabolic
 Fasting glucose, mg/dL −0.01 0.1 3.8 0.6 0
 HbA1c, % −0.009 0.005 0.07 0.03 0.01
 DI −106.7 18.2 −340.7 115.4 0.045
 Glucose AUC, mg × h/dL −3.0 0.6 1.9 3.7 0.1
 Fasting insulin, μIU/mL 0.3 0.2 1.8 1.2 0.2
 AIR, μU/mL −58.368 14.4 −161.2 88.4 0.2
 2-h insulin, μIU/mL −5.3 2.1 0.3 13.2 0.6
 Insulin AUC, μIU × h/mL −7.2 3.1 −0.2 19.1 0.7
 2-h glucose, mg × h/dL −1.3 0.4 −0.8 2.3 0.8
 SG, %/min 0 0 −0.001 0.002 0.8
 SI, ×10−4 min−1/(μU/mL) −0.087 0.02 −0.08 0.1 0.9
Body composition
 Total bone mineral density, g/cm2 0.05 0.001 0.04 0.01 0.01
 WC, cm 1.4 0.1 2.9 0.6 0.02
 Total bone mineral content, g 193.0 3.8 151.9 19.6 0.04
 Trunk fat, kg 0.7 0.05 1.5 0.3 0.02
 Waist-to-hip ratio −0.01 0.001 −0.002 0.01 0.06
 Total fat mass, % −0.8 0.08 −0.02 0.4 0.07
 Total fat mass, kg 1.355 0.1 2.2 0.4 0.1
 Total fat mass, g 1,355.3 95.1 2,184.7 498.3 0.1
 SAAT, cm2 17.2 1.7 34.5 10.5 0.1
 BMI percentile −0.5 0.09 0.05 0.5 0.2
 BMI, kg/m2 0.8 0.1 1.2 0.3 0.2
 Calf subcutaneous fat, g 0.5 0.2 1.839 0.9 0.2
 BMI z score, SD −0.03 0.005 0.004 0.03 0.3
 Excess percent of 95th percentile, % −0.8 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3
 IAAT-to-SAAT ratio −0.01 0.001 −0.02 0.01 0.6
 IAAT, cm2 −1.9 0.3 −1.4 2.2 0.7
 Abdominal subcutaneous fat, g 3.4 0.2 3.8 1.1 0.7
 Chest subcutaneous fat, g 0.9 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8

Analysis was performed on unadjusted data, as well as with adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and Tanner stage. Bold font indicates significance.

IAAT, intra-abdominal adipose tissue; SAAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; SG, glucose effectiveness index.