Fig. 2. Association of oral microbial species with dental caries.
Estimates of association between dental caries experience and the abundance of 23 species that were significantly associated with caries experience in MTG and MTX analyses in the discovery (n = 300 children) sample. The magnitude of association was measured by log-normal model coefficients (the difference of the log-abundance level of each species between the binary caries statuses), and two-sided Wald tests were performed. 16 of those species showed evidence of association in the replication sample (n = 116 children) and are annotated by name in the figure. Nominal p-values are presented in parentheses, and *, **, and *** denote nominal p-values of less than 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, respectively in the replication sample. The effect sizes and their 95% confidence intervals are available in the source data file in the Supplementary Information. Diagonal lines represent y = x. Similarly colored taxa are members of the same genus. The 4 underlined taxa are the “top species” that were prioritized for in vitro virulence assays, biofilm studies, and were candidates for in vivo experiments.