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. 2023 Mar 27;20(5):489–511. doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-00989-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — TFH and TR1 cell formation capacity in mice harboring BCL6-, IRF4- or BLIMP1-defficient T cells. A NOD.Cd4-Cre.Bcl6^loxP/loxP mice had similar percentages of FOXP3⁺CD25⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in the spleen compared to NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to 5 mice/strain from 3 experiments. B NOD.Cd4-Cre.Bcl6^loxP/loxP mice had significantly reduced percentages of endogenous PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) cells in the spleen compared to NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to 5 mice/strain from 3 experiments. C Percentages of splenic PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) and TACI⁺CD138⁺ (plasma) cells and anti-SRBC antibody titers in NOD.Cd4-Cre.Bcl6^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice upon SRBC immunization. The data correspond to 6 and 5 mice/strain, respectively, from 2 experiments. D Percentages of BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7 Tet⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in various lymphoid organs from BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7-NP-treated NOD.Cd4-Cre.Bcl6^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to 5 mice/strain from 3 experiments. E Average percentages of PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) cells within the Tet⁺ and Tet^– subsets of the mice in (D). F Percentages of BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7 Tet⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in various lymphoid organs from BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7-NP-treated NOD.Cd4-Cre. Irf4^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to 3 mice/strain from 2 experiments. G Cytokine secretion profiles of splenic Tet⁺ CD4⁺ T cells from the mice in (F) upon stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAb-coated beads. The data correspond to 3 mice/strain. H Average percentages of PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) cells within the Tet⁺ and Tet^– subsets of the mice in (F). I Increase in the frequency of peripheral CD25⁺FOXP3⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in NOD.Cd4-Cre.Prdm1^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to n = 3 and 2 mice/strain, respectively, from 2 experiments. J Increased percentages of endogenous PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi cells in the spleen of NOD.Cd4-Cre.Prdm1^loxP/loxP mice compared to NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to n = 3 and 2 mice/strain, respectively, from 2 experiments. K Percentages of splenic PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) and TACI⁺CD138⁺ (plasma) cells and anti-SRBC antibody titers in NOD.Cd4-Cre.Prdm1^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice upon SRBC immunization. The data correspond to n = 4 and 3 mice/strain, respectively, from 1 experiment. L Percentages of BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7 Tet⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in various lymphoid organs from BDC2.5 mi/IA^g7-NP-treated NOD.Cd4-Cre.Prdm1^loxP/loxP vs. NOD.Cd4-Cre mice. The data correspond to 3 mice/strain from 2 experiments. M Average percentages of PD-1^hiCXCR5^hi (TFH) cells within the Tet⁺ and Tet^– subsets of the mice in (L). N Cytokine secretion profiles of splenic Tet⁺ CD4⁺ T cells from NOD.Cd4-Cre and NOD.Cd4-Cre.Prdm1^loxP/loxP mice upon stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAb-coated beads. The data correspond to 3 mice/strain from 2 experiments. The data in all panels correspond to the mean ± SEM values. P values were calculated by the Mann‒Whitney U test