TABLE 3.
List of some animal models with the target pathologies in pre-clinical trials.
| Phytochemicals | Animal models | Target pathologies | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apigenin | Male C57BL/6J | Colonic inflammatory and motor abnormalities | Gentile et al. (2018) |
| Luteolin | C57BL/6J Obese mice model | Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes pathophysiology | Liu et al. (2014b) |
| Baicalin and Baicalein | LPS-induced mastitis in BALB/c mice | Mastitis | He et al. (2015) |
| Quercetin | Male C57BL/6N mice | Angiogenesis in lymphoma-bearing mice | Khan et al. (2018) |
| Kaempferol | BALB/c mice models | Allergic asthma | Park et al. (2015) |
| Naringenin | Male Swiss mice | Superoxide anion-driven inflammatory pain | Manchope et al. (2016) |
| Hesperidin | Sprague-Dawley rats | Diabetic neuropathy | Visnagri et al. (2014) |
| Genistein | Diethyl nitrosamine induced C57BL/6 N mice | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Lee et al. (2019) |
| Puerarin | Male Sprague-Dawley rats | Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes | Liu et al. (2014a) |
| Epigallocatechin gallate | Male adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats | Chronic constriction injury | Cai et al. (2014) |
| Cyanidin-3-O-glycoside | TNBS-challenged mice | Inflammation in colitis | Gan et al. (2019) |
| Cineole | Male Kunming mice | LPS-induced acute inflammatory injury | Linghu et al. (2019) |
| Paeoniflorin | Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats | Chronic constriction injury | Zhou et al. (2019b) |
| Parthenolide | Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) BALB/c mouse model | Rheumatoid arthritis | Williams et al. (2020) |
| Zerumbone | Mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced male SD rat OA model | Osteoarthritis | Chien et al. (2016) |
| Ginkgolides | Male Sprague-Dawley rats | Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion | Zhang et al. (2018a) |
| Ursolic acid | 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated Parkinson mouse model | Neuroinflammation | Rai et al. (2019) |
| Escin | Swiss albino mice | Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers | Wang et al. (2014) |
| Withaferin A | BALB/c mice | Spinal cord tissues in traumatized mice | Yan et al. (2017) |
| β –sitosterol | CIA mice model | Arthritis | Liu et al. (2019a) |
| Curcumin | BALB/c mice | Allergic asthma | Shahid et al. (2019) |
| Resveratrol | Cigarette smoke COPD mouse models | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Chen et al. (2016) |
| Rosmarinic acid | DSS-induced colitis mouse model | Splenomegaly | Jin et al. (2017) |
| Ellagic acid | streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy mouse model | Diabetic Nephropathy | Zhou et al. (2019a) |
| Gallic acid | sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model | Ulcerative colitis | Zhu et al. (2019) |
| Protocatechuic acid | castrated rats | Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Akanni et al. (2020) |
| Vanillic acid | carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain mouse model | Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects | Calixto-Campos et al. (2015) |
| 6-gingerol | Sprague-Dawley rats | myocardial infarction | Xu et al. (2018b) |
| Caffeic acid phenethyl ester | rat model of optic nerve crush (ONC) injury | Glaucoma | Takakura et al. (2018) |