Table 1.
Descriptive data obtained from 89 dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy divided in two groups based on presence or absence of atrial fibrillation.
| Variable | Category | Total (N = 89) | AF group (N = 39) | No AF group (N = 50) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%), mean ± SD | Number (%), mean ± SD | Number (%), mean ± SD | |||
| Breed | Great Dane | 8 (9.0) | 7 (18.0) | 1 (2.9) | 0.013 |
| Dobermann pinscher | 39 (43.8) | 13 (33.3) | 26 (52.9) | 0.122 | |
| Labrador retriever | 11 (12.4) | 3 (7.7) | 8 (16.0) | 0.274 | |
| Other | 31 (34.8) | 16 (41.0) | 15 (30.0) | 0.390 | |
| Sex | Male/Female | 71/18 (79.8/20.2) | 35/4 (89.7/10.3) | 36/14 (72.0/28.0) | 0.072 |
| Age (month) | mean ± SD | 93 ± 32 | 99 ± 30 | 88 ± 33 | 0.132 |
| BW (kg) | mean ± SD | 40 ± 13 | 46 ± 13 | 35 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
| CHF | All types | 73 (82.0) | 37 (94.9) | 36 (72.0) | 0.012 |
| L-CHF | 39 (53.4) | 14 (37.8) | 25 (69.5) | 0.013 | |
| R-CHF | 11 (15.1) | 8 (21.6) | 3 (8.3) | 0.112 | |
| B-CHF | 23 (31.5) | 15 (40.6) | 8 (22.2) | 0.152 | |
| Concurrent diseases | Yes/No | 25/64 (28.1/71.9) | 10/29 (25.6/74.4) | 15/35 (30.0/70.0) | 0.829 |
| Treatment at admission | Yes/No | 39/50 (43.8/56.2) | 20/19 (51.3/48.7) | 19/31 (38.0/62.0) | 0.299 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | mean ± SD | 158 ± 45 | 193 ± 31 | 131.06 ± 34.32 | < 0.001 |
| LA (cm) | mean ± SD | 4.91 ± 1.16 | 5.6 ± 0.93 | 4.37 ± 1.04 | < 0.001 |
| Ao (cm) | mean ± SD | 2.48 ± 0.46 | 2.67 ± 0.45 | 2.34 ± 0.42 | 0.001 |
| LA:Ao | mean ± SD | 2.00 ± 0.45 | 2.13 ± 0.4 | 1.90 ± 0.46 | 0.015 |
| LVDDn | mean ± SD | 2.07 ± 0.25 | 2.05 ± 0.24 | 2.08 ± 0.25 | 0.511 |
| LVSDn | mean ± SD | 1.29 ± 0.17 | 1.27 ± 0.17 | 1.30 ± 0.18 | 0.465 |
| FS (%) | mean ± SD | 13.56 ± 4.84 | 12.67 ± 5.26 | 14.25 ± 4.4 | 0.126 |
| E mitral (m/s) | mean ± SD | 1.08 ± 0.39 | 1.19 ± 0.41 | 0.98 ± 0.36 | 0.014 |
| RAE | Yes/No | 37/52 (41.6/58.4) | 25/14 (64.1/35.9) | 12/38 (24.0/76.0) | < 0.001 |
| TR | Yes/No | 52/37 (58.4/41.6) | 29/10 (74.4/25.6) | 23/27 (46.0/54.0) | 0.013 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and number (n.) and (percentage). N, number of dogs; BW, body weight; CHF, congestive heart failure; LA, left atrial diameter; Ao, aortic diameter; LA:Ao, left atrial diameter to aortic diameter; LVDDn, left ventricular diastolic diameter normalized to body weight; LVSDn, left ventricular systolic diameter normalized to body weight; FS, Fractional shortening; E mitral, mitral valve maximal E wave velocity; R, right; RAE, right atrial enlargement; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; L-CHF, left-sided CHF; R-CHF, right-sided CHF; B-CHF, biventricular CHF.