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Effect of IL-32θA94V on phosphorylation level of FAK, JNK, and AKT in HUVEC cells. HUVECs were pre-treated with IL-32θA94V (100 ng/mL) for 1 h followed by stimulation with TNF-α for 10 min (FAK) or 15 min (JNK, AKT). Phosphorylation levels of FAK, AKT, and JNK were confirmed by Western blot, and band intensities were quantified using ImageJ software. The results represent the mean ± SD of three experiments (*p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA).
