Table 4.
Biological functions of acute rejection-specific microRNAs.
| Descriptions | Reference | |
|---|---|---|
| hsa-miR-21-5p | Upregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) | (56) |
| Activation of SPRY1/ERK/NF-kB pathway | (57) | |
| Inhibition of UUO-induced kidney fibrosis | (58) | |
| Th17 cell differentiation | (59) | |
| hsa-miR-31-5p | Promotion of oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell migration | (60) |
| Amelioration of high-glucose induced podocytes injury | (61) | |
| hsa-miR-4532 | Upregulation of NF-kB through sphingosine-1-phosphate | (62) |
| Activation of LDOC1-dependent STAT3 signaling pathway | (63) | |
| Downregulation of hypermethylated in cancer-1 (HIC-1) gene | (64) |
SPRY1, Sprouty RTK Signaling Antagonist 1; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; UUO, unilateral ureteral obstruction; LDOC1, leucine zipper, downregulated in cancer 1; STAT3, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.