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. 2023 May 22;183(7):685–695. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.1245

Table 2. First Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation and Pneumonia Hospitalization in Patients Using LAMA-LABAs vs ICS-LABAs in the Propensity Score–Matched Cohort.

Event ICS-LABA–associated events per 1000 PY LAMA-LABA–associated events per 1000 PY HR (95% CI)
Moderate or severe COPD exacerbation 363.6 320.6 0.92 (0.89-0.96)
Moderate COPD exacerbation 321.5 286.6 0.93 (0.90-0.97)
Severe COPD exacerbation 47.3 39.8 0.85 (0.77-0.94)
Pneumonia hospitalization 104.0 82.1 0.80 (0.75-0.86)

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HR, hazard ratio; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β-agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; PY, person-years.

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