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. 2023 May 11;8(2):199. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8020199

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Overview of our proposed DAN. The method is composed of three sub-networks. The backbone features are first extracted and clustered by a Feature Clustering Network (FCN), where an affinity loss is applied to increase the inter-class margin and to reduce the intra-class variance. Next, a Multi-head Attention Network (MAN) is built to attend to multiple facial regions concurrently by a series of Spatial Attention (SA) and Channel Attention (CA) units. Finally, an Attention Fusion Network (AFN) regulates the attention maps by enforcing variance among the attention feature vectors and outputs a class confidence.