Table 1.
The main characteristics of included studies.
| First Author | Published Year | Study Design | Location | Number of Populations | Age | Gender (Male%) | N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKI | Mortality | RRT | |||||||
| Alberici [10] | 2020 | Cohort | Italy | 20 | 57 (44–70) | 16 (80) | 5 (25) | 5 (25) | 9 (17.3) |
| Chan [11] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 3993 | 64 (56–78) | 2289 (57.32) | 2158 (46) | / | 347 (18.9) |
| Chand [12] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 300 | 58.2 (12.6) | 182 (60.7) | 230 (76.7) | 157 (52.3) | 117 (39) |
| Cui [13] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 116 | 61.05 (12.9) | 66 (56.89) | 21 (18.1) | 24 (20.6) | / |
| Duduignon [14] | 2020 | Cross Sectional | France | 51 | 63 (57–69) | 39 (76.5) | 26 (50.98) | 14 (27.4) | 10 (39) |
| Fisher [15] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 3345 | 64.4 (16.4) | 1776 (53.1) | 1903 (56.9) | 775 (23.2) | 574 (17.1) |
| Forminsky [16] | 2020 | Cohort | Italy | 96 | 64 (58.5–70.0) | 80 (83.33) | 72 (75) | 32 (33.33) | 17 (17.70) |
| Grimaldi [17] | 2020 | Cohort | Europe | 414 | 63 (11) | 320 (77.2) | 231 (55.8) | 95 (22.9) | / |
| Hirsch [18] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 5449 | 64 (52–75) | 3317 (60.9) | 1993 (36.6) | 888 (54.9) | 285 (5.2) |
| Husain [19] | 2020 | Cohort | Europe | 23 | 60 (37–88) | 19 (82.6) | 12 (52.2) | 15 (65.2) | 3 (13) |
| Joseph [20] | 2020 | Cohort | French | 100 | 59 (53–67) | 70 (70) | 81 (81) | 29 (29) | 13 (13) |
| Lee [21] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 1002 | 66 (53–76) | 619 (62) | 294 (29.3) | 172 (17) | / |
| Lei [22] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 34 | 55 (43–63) | 14 (41.2) | 2 (5.9) | 7 (20.6) | / |
| Lim [23] | 2020 | Cross Sectional | Asia | 160 | 61 (24–98) | 106 (66.25) | 30 (18.8) | 37 (23.12) | 5 (3.1) |
| Liu [24] | 2020 | Cross Sectional | China | 1190 | 57 (47–67) | 635 (53.36) | 51 (4.3) | / | / |
| Mohammed [25] | 2020 | Cohort | Australia | 575 | 65 (36–96) | 356 (62) | 161 (28.0) | 200 (34.7) | 89 (19.4) |
| Naar [26] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 206 | 60 (47–71) | 134 (65.1) | 148 (71.8) | / | / |
| Naarayan [27] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 370 | 71 (59–82) | 207 (55.9) | 182 (49.1) | 150 (40.5) | / |
| Nakeshbandi [28] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 504 | 68 (15) | 263 (52) | 95 (19) | 219 (43) | / |
| Pei [29] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 333 | 56.3 (13.4) | 182 (54.7) | 35 (10.5) | 29 (8.7) | 6 (1.8) |
| Pelayo [30] | 2020 | Cross Sectional | USA | 223 | 70.30 (12.80) | 115 (51.56) | 110 (49.3) | 44 (19.73) | 3 (1.3) |
| Russo [31] | 2020 | Cohort | Italy | 777 | 70 (16) | 458 (59) | 176 (22.65) | 273 (35.13) | 21 (2.7) |
| Soleimani [32] | 2020 | Cohort | Iran | 254 | 66.4 (12.9) | 149 (58.7) | 49 (19.3) | 68 (26.8) | / |
| Taher [33] | 2020 | Cohort | Asia | 73 | 54.3 (13.5) | 44 (60.3) | 29 (39.7) | 13 (17.8) | 7 (9.6) |
| Vee [34] | 2020 | Cross Sectional | Malaysia | 247 | 28 (18–35) | 172 (69.6) | 16 (6.5) | / | 7 (2.83) |
| Wang [35] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 116 | 62 (55–69) | 62 (53.4) | 12 (10.34) | / | / |
| Wu [36] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 1048 | 62.5 (48–77) | 591 (56.34) | 19 (1.8) | 52 (4.96) | 21 (2.00) |
| Xia [37] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 81 | 66.6 (11.4) | 54 (66.7) | 41 (50.6) | 60 (70.4) | 8 (9.9) |
| Yan [38] | 2020 | Cohort | China | 882 | 71 (68–77) | 440 (49.9) | 115 (13.0) | 128 (14.5) | 7 (1.9) |
| Zahid [39] | 2020 | Cohort | USA | 469 | 66 (55–75) | 268 (57.14) | 128 (27.29) | 188 (40.09) | / |