Table 5. Absolute difference in cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements (mm²) between tunnel nerves and those proximal to the tunnel points on the same side by high-resolution ultrasonography in healthy volunteers and leprosy household contacts.

Nerves		Healthy volunteers	Seropositive HC	Seronegative HC	p1 value	p2 value	p3 value
Median (ΔMtpt)	n	106	90	57
	Mean ± SD	1.71 ± 1.25	1.61 ± 1.04	1.40 ± 0.82	>0.9999	>0.9999	>0.9999
	Median (Q1/Q3)	1 (1/2)	2 (1/2)	2 (1/2)
	95% CI	[1.47–1.95]	[1.4–1.85]	[1.25–1.66]
	Abnormal (>5.46)	0	0	0
Ulnar (ΔUtpt)	n	106	98	60
	Mean ± SD	1.09 ± 0.88	1.07 ± 0.91	0.98 ± 0.72	>0.9999	>0.9999	0.7345
	Median (Q1/Q3)	1 (0/2)	1 (0/2)	1 (0,25/1)
	95% CI	[0.93–1.26]	[0.89–1.25]	[0.79–1.17]
	Abnormal (>3.73)	0	1 (1.0%)	0
Tibial (ΔTtpt)	n	106	98	60
	Mean ± SD	0.8 ± 0.60	0.60 ± 0.71	0.47 ± 0.60	>0.9999	0.8095	0.8005
	Median (Q1/Q3)	1 (0/1)	0 (0/1)	0 (0/1)
	95% CI	[0.47–0.7]	[0.46–0.76]	[0.31–0.62]
	Abnormal (>2.38)	0	0	0

HC = household contacts; n = number of nerves; SD = standard deviation; Q₁ = 25th percentile; Q₃ = 75th percentile; 95% CI– 95% confidence interval; p1 value = healthy volunteers vs. seropositive HC; p2 value = healthy volunteers vs. seronegative HC; p3 value = seropositive HC vs. seronegative HC.

*Statistically significant.