Table 2. .
Behavioral and neuroimaging task performance by language (Ms and SDs)
| English task | Chinese task | Spanish task | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Score | Score | r | Partial rc | Score | r | Partial rc | |
| Oral Language Measures | |||||||
| Vocabulary | 149.6 (29.9) | 54.8 (29.2) | 0.15 | 0.03 | 67.7 (19.4) | 0.70*** | 0.46*** |
| Phonological awareness | 22.6 (7.5) | 22.0 (9.6) | 0.84*** | 0.79*** | 13.6 (6.2) | 0.80*** | 0.79*** |
| Morphological awareness | 24.2 (10.8) | 13.5 (6.3) | 0.52*** | 0.27**** | 27.9 (13.3) | 0.66*** | 0.59*** |
| Literacy Measures | |||||||
| Single word reading | 48.6 (15.6) | 17.44 (13.8) | 0.44*** | 0.14 | 42.8 (20.1) | 0.67*** | 0.47*** |
| Reading comprehension | 26.0 (8.3) | / | / | / | 19.9 (7.9) | 0.69*** | 0.44*** |
| Sentence reading fluency | 37.2 (18.6) | 11.93 (7.7) | 0.54*** | 0.36*** | 26.1 (15.7) | 0.76*** | 0.69*** |
Note. r = the English-Spanish or English-Chinese bivariate correlation of the respective language and literacy measure. c = partial correlation controlling for age. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.