Table 4.

Accuracy of two-dimensional TEE and three-dimensional TEE diagnosis of thrombus and pannus on left mechanical valve obstruction

Diagnosis methods	True positive (n)	True negative (n)	False positive (n)	False negative (n)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Accuracy (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
Diagnosis of thrombus
2-dimensional TEE	19	2	1	26	42.2	66.7	43.8	95.0	7.1
3-dimensional TEE	33	8	3	4	89.2	72.7	85.4	91.7	66.7
Diagnosis of pannus
2-dimensional TEE	2	19	2	25	7.4	90.5	43.8	50	43.2
3-dimensional TEE	8	33	0	7	53.3	100	85.4	100	82.5

NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.