Table 3.
Combination of prognostic biomarkers and clincial outcomes
| DLCO Decline | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined protein biomarker model | Coefficient | SE | P |
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.123 | 1.37 | 0.026∗ |
| POSTN (log2 ng/ml) | −3.427 | 2.3 | 0.139 |
| Combined protein & individual lipid biomarker model | Coefficient | SE | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined CXCL13 and LPA16:0 model | |||
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.465 | 1.216 | 0.00549 ∗∗ |
| LPA16:0 (log2 uM) | −5.649 | 1.372 | 8.85e-05 ∗∗∗ |
| Combined CXCL13 and LPA16:1 model | |||
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.645 | 1.209 | 0.00337 ∗∗ |
| LPA16:1 (log2 ratio-to-standard) | −5.204 | 1.22 | 5.14e-05 ∗∗∗ |
| Combined CXCL13 and LPA18:1 model | |||
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.901 | 1.235 | 0.00219 ∗∗ |
| LPA18:1 (log2 uM) | −5.897 | 1.561 | 0.000292 ∗∗∗ |
| Combined CXCL13 and LPA18:2 model | |||
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.843 | 1.24 | 0.00264 ∗∗ |
| LPA18:2 (log2 uM) | −4.904 | 1.346 | 0.000461 ∗∗∗ |
| Combined CXCL13 and LPA20:4 model | |||
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −3.424 | 1.194 | 0.0052∗∗ |
| LPA20:4 (log2 uM) | −6.71 | 1.469 | 1.66e-05 ∗∗∗ |
| FVC decline | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined protein biomarker model | Coefficient | SE | P |
| CXCL13 (log2 pg/ml) | −2.441 | 1.404 | 0.0857 |
| COMP (log2 ng/ml) | −5.868 | 1.772 | 0.00136∗∗ |
| Exacerbation or respiratory hospitalization | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined protein & lipid biomarker model | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P |
| LPA20:4 (median) | 3.050 | 0.42–22.17 | 0.271 |
| YKL40 (median) | 10.935 | 0.97–123.29 | 0.053 |
| Mortality | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined protein biomarker model | Odd ratio | 95% CI | P |
| CCL18 (median) | 14.354 | 1.17–176.06 | 0.0372 ∗ |
| SPD (median) | 27.221 | 1.24–599.97 | 0.0363 ∗ |
| Combined protein & individual lipid biomarker model 1 | |||
| CCL18 (median) | 17.357 | 1.12–269.36 | 0.0414 ∗ |
| SPD (median) | 33.482 | 0.65–1724.27 | 0.0808 |
| TAG48:4-FA12:0 (<median) | 5.954 | 0.35–101.71 | 0.2181 |
| Combined protein & individual lipid biomarker model 2 | |||
| CCL18 (median) | 17.290 | 1.12–267.63 | 0.0414 ∗ |
| SPD (median) | 32.752 | 0.63–1706.82 | 0.0837 |
| TAG48:4-FA18:2 (<median) | 5.949 | 0.35–100.58 | 0.217 |
| Fibrosis |
Right lower lung |
Left lower lung |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined protein & individual lipid biomarker model | Coefficient | SE | P | Coefficient | SE | P |
| Combined SPD and LPA16:1 model | ||||||
| SPD (log2 pg/ml) | 4.477 | 1.734 | 0.0124 ∗ | 4.819 | 1.679 | 0.00576 ∗∗ |
| LPA16:1 (log2 ratio-to-standard) | 5.895 | 2.004 | 0.00472 ∗∗ | 3.734 | 1.941 | 0.0594 |
| Combined SPD and LPA16:0 model | ||||||
| SPD (log2 pg/ml) | 4.883 | 1.743 | 0.00694 ∗∗ | |||
| LPA16:0 (log2 uM) | 5.453 | 2.111 | 0.0124 ∗ | |||
| Combined SPD and LPA18:1 model | ||||||
| SPD (log2 pg/ml) | 4.79 | 1.72 | 0.00727 ∗∗ | |||
| LPA18:1 (log2 uM) | 6.836 | 2.349 | 0.00515 ∗∗ | |||
| Combined SPD and LPA18:2 model | ||||||
| SPD (log2 pg/ml) | 5.427 | 1.736 | 0.00279 ∗∗ | |||
| LPA18:2 (log2 uM) | 5.465 | 2.19 | 0.0155 ∗ | |||
| Combined SPD and LPA20:4 model | ||||||
| SPD (log2 pg/ml) | 4.839 | 1.800 | 0.00939 ∗∗ | |||
| LPA20:4 (log2 uM) | 4.783 | 2.508 | 0.0615 | |||
CI, confidence interval; SE, standard error; uM, microMolar.
Values are from multivariate regression models predicting clinical outcomes of interest, using a combination of biomarkers as predictors while adjusting for the following covariates: age, sex, baseline FVC %pred, baseline DLCO %pred, and geographical region.
∗P < 0.05; ∗∗P < 0.01; ∗∗∗P < 0.001 of multivariate regressions.