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. 2022 Nov 2;78(1):122–132. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkac363

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Schematic representation of the molecular changes of hVISA isolates belonging to ST5. (1) Regulation of the WalKR system on the bacterial wall synthesis proteins LytM, PBP4 and the autolysin Atl that presents Y38H change. (2) hVISA isolates present the E156G change in VraT of the VraTSR system that regulates PBP2 transpeptidase, essential in the synthesis of the bacterial wall. (3) Stk1 regulation of the GraSR system that regulates cell envelope cargo via the MprF and DtlABCD proteins. (4) The SarA regulator controls the expression of the IcaABCD operon (biofilm formation) and the expression of virulence factors, such as the capsule and proteins secreted by Agr. (5) reduction of amino acids involved in the glycolysis cycle and TCA that allows the synthesis of amino acids, lipids, purines and pyrimidines. (*) Predominant genetic changes in hVISA isolates. This figure appears in colour in the online version of JAC and in black and white in the print version of JAC.