Table 2.
Primary Composite Outcome
| |
No Early Rhythm Control |
Early Rhythm Control |
Absolute Rate Difference (95% CI) |
Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
P-value |
P-value for interaction |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of Events |
Person Years |
Event Rate per 100 person-years |
No. of Events |
Person Years |
Event Rate per 100 person-years |
|||||
| OptumLabs | N=77,460 | N=24,382 | ||||||||
| Composite | 0.720 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 11 | 454 | 2.39 | 10 | 439 | 2.18 | −0.20 (−1.44, 1.03) | 0.92 (0.54– 1.57) | 0.767 | |
| ≥4 | 218 | 1,419 | 15.37 | 183 | 1,441 | 12.69 | −2.69 (−4.70, −0.67) | 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | 0.006 | |
| Stroke | 0.497 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 2 | 460 | 0.36 | 2 | 447 | 0.37 | 0.00 (−0.48, 0.50) | 1.02 (0.27, 3.85) | 0.979 | |
| ≥4 | 34 | 1,554 | 2.21 | 22 | 1,558 | 1.40 | −0.81 (−1.52, −0.10) | 0.65 (0.45, 0.93) | 0.019 | |
| Heart failure | 0.969 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 3 | 460 | 0.59 | 2 | 445 | 0.54 | −0.05 (−0.63, 0.53) | 0.91 (0.34, 2.47) | 0.859 | |
| ≥4 | 80 | 1,493 | 5.36 | 75 | 1,493 | 5.02 | −0.34 (−1.54, 0.86) | 0.95 (0.76, 1.19) | 0.646 | |
| ACS | 0.029 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 1 | 461 | 0.32 | 3 | 444 | 0.68 | 0.36 (−0.14, 0.88) | 2.14 (0.77, 5.97) | 0.144 | |
| ≥4 | 35 | 1,562 | 2.25 | 23 | 1,554 | 1.45 | −0.80 (−1.51, 0.09) | 0.65 (0.46, 0.92) | 0.015 | |
| All-cause mortality | 0.454 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 6 | 463 | 1.35 | 4 | 449 | 0.90 | −0.45 (−1.38, 0.47) | 0.68 (0.32, 1.44) | 0.312 | |
| ≥4 | 132 | 1,606 | 8.22 | 116 | 1,587 | 7.30 | −0.91 (−2.28, 0.45) | 0.89 (0.75, 1.06) | 0.187 | |
|
| ||||||||||
| UK Biobank | N=10,398 | N=1,227 | ||||||||
| Composite | 0.027 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 262 | 5,179 | 5.05 | 238 | 5,101 | 4.66 | −0.39 (−0.41, −0.37) | 0.94 (0.83, 1.06) | 0.310 | |
| ≥4 | 97 | 893 | 10.81 | 98 | 1,170 | 8.40 | −2.4 (−2.46, −2.36) | 0.77 (0.63, 0.94) | 0.009 | |
| Stroke | 0.231 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 58 | 5,774 | 1.00 | 45 | 5,675 | 0.79 | −0.21 (−0.22, −0.2) | 0.82 (0.61, 1.10) | 0.180 | |
| ≥4 | 17 | 1,035 | 1.66 | 21 | 1,270 | 1.65 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | 0.99 (0.63, 1.53) | 0.947 | |
| Heart failure | 0.088 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 154 | 5,446 | 2.82 | 149 | 5,274 | 2.83 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.02) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.20) | 0.812 | |
| ≥4 | 63 | 940 | 6.65 | 50 | 1,230 | 4.08 | −2.58 (−2.62, −2.54) | 0.60 (0.46, 0.79) | <0.001 | |
| ACS | 0.077 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 35 | 5,862 | 0.59 | 31 | 5,695 | 0.54 | −0.05 (−0.06, −0.05) | 0.91 (0.64, 1.29) | 0.603 | |
| ≥4 | 15 | 1,048 | 1.46 | 8 | 1,302 | 0.65 | −0.8 (−0.82, −0.79) | 0.43 (0.23, 0.83) | 0.012 | |
| All-cause mortality | 0.580 | |||||||||
| 2–3 | 119 | 5,997 | 1.98 | 117 | 5,809 | 2.01 | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) | 1.07 (0.90, 1.29) | 0.444 | |
| ≥4 | 45 | 1,083 | 4.20 | 55 | 1,327 | 4.15 | −0.05 (−0.09, −0.03) | 0.97 (0.74, 1.27) | 0.810 | |
Primary composite outcome in the weighted OptumLabs (upper lines) and UK biobank (lower lines) data sets. Event rate was calculated as the number of events per 100 person-years. Propensity score weight was applied when calculating number of events, person-years, event rates, absolute reduction, and hazard ratios. ACS indicates acute coronary syndrome; CI, confidence interval. For crude numbers and event rates, see Supplemental Table III.