Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics Among Participants With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus
| Characteristic | Participants With HIV (n = 20) | Participants Without HIV (n = 10) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline demographics | |||
| Age, y | 55 ± 7 | 58 ± 4 | .12 |
| Sex, % | |||
| Male | 80 (16/20) | 80 (8/10) | 1.00 |
| Female | 20 (4/20) | 20 (2/10) | |
| Race, % | |||
| White | 50 (10/20) | 70 (7/10) | .52 |
| Black | 40 (8/20) | 30 (3/10) | |
| Asian | 5 (1/20) | 0 (0/10) | |
| Other | 5 (1/20) | 0 (0/10) | |
| 10-year ASCVD risk score, %a | 7.3 ± 4.7 | 8.1 ± 5.3 | .70 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.7 ± 4.7 | 27.6 ± 5.3 | .34 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 185 ± 33 | 188 ± 36 | .85 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 111 ± 27 | 107 ± 33 | .73 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 49 (42–54) | 57 (45–73) | .06 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 103 (77–178) | 104 (77–160) | .79 |
| Current HTN, % | 15 (3/20) | 10 (1/10) | .70 |
| Current smoking, % | 30 (6/20) | 30 (3/10) | 1.00 |
| HIV-specific parameters | |||
| Duration since HIV diagnosis, y | 22 ± 9 | … | |
| CD4+ T-cell count, cells/mm3 | 633 ± 269 | … | |
| Log HIV viral load, copies/mL | 1.28 (1.28–1.42) | … | |
| HIV viral load, copies/mLb | 19 (19–27) | … | |
| Aortic atherosclerotic plaque volume on CTAc | |||
| Total (noncalcified and calcified) aortic plaque volume, mm3 | 284.5 (0.0–578.6) | 109.1 (0.0–350.1) | .45 |
| Noncalcified aortic plaque volume, mm3 (HU <130) | 79.8 (0.0–481.0) | 28.1 (0.0–206.0) | .42 |
| Calcified aortic plaque volume, mm3 (HU ≥130) | 97.6 (0.0–262.4) | 34.3 (0.0–114.1) | .32 |
Normally distributed data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. Nonnormally distributed data are reported as median (interquartile range). Between-group differences of baseline demographic characteristics were assessed using a Student t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or χ2 test as appropriate. Aortic atherosclerotic plaque volume was quantified on thoracic CTA. Calcified and noncalcified plaque volumes are presented with a threshold of ≥130 HU differentiating calcified from noncalcified plaque.
Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index; CTA, computed tomography angiography; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTN, hypertension; HU, Hounsfield units; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
LDL-C level was imputed as 70 mg/dL for the 10-year ASCVD risk score calculation for 1 study participant without HIV due to an LDL-C of <70 mg/dL.
For participants with HIV whose viral load was undetectable, a value of 19 copies/mL was imputed given that the lower limit of detection for the HIV viral load assay was 20 copies/mL.
One participant with HIV was not included because his total aortic plaque volume was 4 standard deviations above the median total aortic plaque volume among participants with HIV. Furthermore, 1 participant without HIV did not complete his CTA and thus did not have aortic plaque volume data available.