Table 1.
Summary of cases with INSTI RAMs detected.
| Clinical presentation | Case | HIV ST | Number of injections | Detection delay (days) | Viral load (copies/mL) | INSTI RAMs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | After infection | 1st HIV pos visit | 1st visit with major INSTI RAMs | 1st HIV pos visit | 1st site pos visit | Subsequent visitsa | ||||
| Infected before CAB | A2 | C | 1 | 1 | 60 | 50,080 | 204 | None | M50I, E138K, Q148K | M50I, E138K, Q148K |
| Infected while receiving oral CAB | C1 | B | 2 | 2 | 47 | 120 | 137 | L74I, Q146Q/R, E157Q | L74I, E138E/K, G140G/S, Q148R, E157Q | L74I, E138E/K, G140G/S, Q148R, E157Q |
| C3 | B | 1 | 1 | 35 | 15.3b | 102,329 | None | E138A, Q148R | Not tested/ on ART | |
| Infected while receiving CAB injections | D1 | Bc | 10 | 3 | 112 | 130 | 130 | N155H | N155H, R263K d | Not tested/ on ART |
| D2 | Bc | 6 | 2 | 98 | 6.1b | <40 | N/A | N/A | N155H, S230R | |
| D3 | B/F | 5 | 3 | 117 | 860 | <40 | Nonee | R263K | Not tested/ on ART | |
| D4 | C | 4 | 1 | 45 | <40 | 158 | N/A | M50I, Q148R | M50I, E138E/K, G140A, Q148R | |
This column shows additional INSTI RAMs that were detected at visits after the first site positive visit.
These viral load results were obtained using a single copy HIV RNA assay.
In these two cases, the most likely HIV subtype was determined based on the location of the study sites.
In this case, an accessory mutation (Q146L) and a major INSTI RAM (Q148R) were also detected between the first HIV positive visit and the first site positive visit.
In this case, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTI) mutation, K103N, was detected at the first HIV positive visit.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral treatment; CAB, cabotegravir; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; INSTI, integrase strand transfer inhibitor; NA, data not available (no genotyping results obtained); RAM, resistance-associated mutation; ST, subtype.
Characteristics of cases with INSTI RAMs detected. The first HIV positive visit was identified based on results of retrospective HIV RNA testing performed at the HPTN Laboratory Center. The first site positive visit is the first visit where the participant had a reactive rapid test or a reactive antigen/antibody test at the study site. Major INSTI RAMs are shown in bold text.