Table 3.
Number of times individuals in each age class gave an alarm call for different species and objects during focal follows. Number of hours of focal animal data for each age class are in parentheses. Species are listed by body size in each category (data from: mammals: Kingdon (2015); birds: Borrow (2014); reptiles: Chippaux (2006) and Trape et al. (2012)). Cp: confirmed predator, Pp: potential predator, Ct: confirmed threat, Pt: potential threat, Nt: non-threating
| N calling events | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific name | Common name | Threat | Adults (177 h) | Subadults (42 h) | Old juveniles (46 h) | Young juveniles (45 h) |
| Leopard alarm call for carnivores | ||||||
| Panthera pardus | Leopard | Cp | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Civettictis civetta | African civet | Pp | 1 | 1 | ||
| Genetta pardina | Genet | Pt | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| Leopard alarm call for other mammals | ||||||
| Hylochoerus meinertzhageni | Giant forest hog | Pt | 1 | 1 | ||
| Hexaprotodon liberiensis | Pigmy hippopotamus | Pt | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Cephalophus jentinki | Jentink’s duiker | Pt | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Potamochoerus porcus | Red river hog | Pt | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Cephalophus dorsalis | Bay duiker | Nt | 1 | 2 | ||
| Cephalophus niger | Blacked duiker | Nt | 1 | |||
| Cephalophus (undet.) | Unknown duikers | Nt | 1 | 2 | ||
| Eagle alarm call for birds | ||||||
| Stephanoaetus coronatus | African crowned eagle | Cp | 15 | 7 | 3 | 1 |
| Ceratogymna atrata | Black-casqued hornbill | Nt | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Strigidae (undet.) | Unknown small-size owl | Pt | 1 | |||
| Snake alarm call for reptiles, amphibians and vegetation | ||||||
| Python regius | Python | Cp | 1 | |||
| Osteolaemus tetraspis | African dwarf crocodile | Pt | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Bitis gabonica / B. rhinoceros | Gaboon viper / Rhinoceros viper | Ct | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| Colubridae (undet.) | Unknown small-size colubrids | Nt | 1 | 4 | ||
| Sclerophrys (undet.) | Unknown toad | Nt | 1 | |||
| – | Small logs and dry leaves on the ground | Nt | 1 | 1 | 3 | |