Table 5.
Effect of crops and production systems on soil physical parameters.
| Treatment | Bulk density (Mg m−3) | Porosity (%) | Water holding capacity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crop | |||
| Sunflower | 1.25 ± 0.1a | 51.31 ± 0.2b | 37.13 ± 0.2b |
| Pigeonpea | 1.20 ± 0.2b | 54.40 ± 0.1a | 38.94 ± 0.2a |
| Greengram | 1.21 ± 0.1ab | 51.09 ± 0.3b | 37.45 ± 0.2b |
| Production system | |||
| Control* | 1.26 ± 0.0a | 51.00 ± 0.1b | 37.21 ± 0.1b |
| Organic | 1.18 ± 0.2b | 53.79 ± 0.2a | 38.72 ± 0.2a |
| Integrated | 1.21 ± 0.2b | 52.41 ± 0.1a | 37.84 ± 0.1b |
*Use of chemical inputs alone; initial bulk density was 1.21 Mg m−3; means in the same columns with different letters are significantly (p < 0.05) different.