Table 5.
Characteristics of phenotype subgroups defined by baseline edema and ePVS.
| Parameter | No edema, normal ePVS (n = 131) | No edema, high ePVS (n = 39) | p value* | Edema, high ePVS (n = 63) | p value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 65 [51, 75] n = 131 |
69 [57, 76] n = 39 |
0.357 | 71 [62, 79] n = 63 |
0.246 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 67 (51%) n = 131 |
21 (54%) n = 39 |
0.909 | 52 (83%) n = 63 |
0.004 |
| Diagnosis of IPAH, n (%) | 45 (34%) n = 131 |
16 (41%) n = 39 |
0.567 | 25 (50%) n = 63 |
1.00 |
| Edema, n (%) | 0 (0%) n = 131 |
0 (0%) n = 39 |
- | 63 (100%) n = 63 |
<0.001 |
| Diuretic treatment, n (%) | 68 (52%) n = 131 |
24 (62%) n = 39 |
0.381 | 55 (87%) n = 63 |
0.005 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 14.9 [14.1, 16.1] n = 131 |
12.3 [11.8, 12.6] n = 39 |
<0.001 | 12.0 [11.1, 12.5] n = 63 |
0.030 |
| Hematocrit | 0.44 [0.42, 0.48] n = 131 |
0.37 [0.36, 0.38] n = 39 |
<0.001 | 0.37 [0.34, 0.38] n = 63 |
0.363 |
| Weight, kg | 76 [69, 86] n = 131 |
77 [67, 84] n = 39 |
0.530 | 75 [66, 87] n = 62 |
0.942 |
| Height, cm | 170 [164, 178] n = 131 |
172 [164, 176] n = 39 |
0.720 | 165 [160, 172] n = 62 |
0.073 |
| mPAP, mmHg | 42 [33, 50] n = 129 |
37 [29, 44] n = 39 |
0.008 | 41 [34, 49] n = 60 |
0.054 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 8 [6, 12] n = 127 |
10 [7, 14] n = 39 |
0.016 | 10 [8, 14] n = 60 |
0.484 |
| Pulmonary vascular resistance, dyn·s/cm5 | 636 [430, 878] n = 129 |
389 [255, 613] n = 39 |
<0.001 | 554 [298, 728] n = 60 |
0.107 |
| CVP, mmHg | 6 [3, 9] n = 128 |
6 [5, 9] n = 39 |
0.286 | 8 [5, 11] n = 60 |
0.063 |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.22 [1.84, 2.51] n = 128 |
2.59 [2.41, 2.97] n = 39 |
<0.001 | 2.59 [2.02, 2.92] n = 60 |
0.386 |
| Mixed venous oxygen saturation, % | 64 [59, 59] n = 127 |
63 [55, 67] n = 39 |
0.123 | 62 [55, 67] n = 60 |
0.783 |
| ePVS, ml/g | 3.77 [3.24, 4.09] n = 131 |
5.08 [4.90, 5.38] n = 39 |
<0.001 | 5.34 [4.98, 5.88] n = 63 |
0.077 |
| BNP, pg/ml | 144 [49, 365] n = 118 |
225 [135, 380} n = 34 |
0.216 | 252 [13, 536] n = 57 |
0.419 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 77 [60, 93] n = 131 |
73 [62, 82] n = 39 |
0.170 | 56 [38, 75] n = 63 |
0.006 |
| TAPSE, mm | 19 ± 5 n = 126 |
20 ± 5 n = 37 |
0.296 | 19 ± 5 n = 61 |
0.398 |
| TAPSE/PASP, mm/mmHg | 0.279 [0.213, 0.380] n = 124 |
0.375 [0.248, 0.473] n = 37 |
0.010 | 0.288 [0.211, 0.429] n = 61 |
0.070 |
| Right atrial area, cm2 | 19 [15, 24] n = 109 |
19 [16, 25] n = 37 |
0.950 | 17 [13, 30] n = 60 |
0.970 |
| Inferior vena cava diameter, mm | 20 ± 4 n = 53 |
20 ± 6 n = 16 |
0.732 | 21 ± 6 n = 30 |
0.653 |
Data are presented as median [Q1, Q3] or mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise specified. BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CVP, central venous pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ePVS, estimated plasma volume status; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PASP, pulmonary arterial systolic pressure; PAWP, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
*
No edema, high ePVS vs. no edema, normal ePVS.
**
Edema, high ePVS vs. no edema, high ePVS.