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. 2023 May 24:1–36. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10639-023-11703-x

Table 5.

Discipline * post-COVID-19 changes crosstabulation

Disciplines Total
Engineering(f) Social Sciences (f) Sciences (f) Biomedicine (f) Humanities(f) Technology(f) Other(f)
Post-covid changes Yes, I use a safer messaging app now 7 11 5 5 1 10 1 40
Yes, I didn’t use any messaging app before, but do use it now 13 12 5 4 2 7 1 44
No, I did use it before and use it now 60 26 20 4 0 53 2 165
No, I didn’t use it before and don’t use it now 14 4 1 2 1 1 1 24
Other 5 0 1 1 1 1 0 9
Total 99 53 32 16 5 72 5 282