Figure 3.

Examples of in vivo single-voxel MRS applications in different organs and diseases with corresponding metabolite profiles. (A) The spectra collected from the brain tumor (right) and the contralateral normal region (left) show different spectral patterns. Prepared from unpublished data. (B) Spectrum from a lesion from a breast cancer patient gives choline and lipid signals that can be used to assess the malignancy of the tumor.³⁸ Adapted with permission from ref (38). Copyright 2012 Springer Nature. (C) Multivoxel MRS can also be used for assessing prostate cancer in which spatially distinctive spectra from individual voxels can be extracted and compared. Prepared from unpublished data. (D) MRS signals rising from fat and lipids can be used to map the fat levels in the liver for diagnosis of fatty liver. Prepared from unpublished data. (E) Chemical shift-selective imaging and single-voxel MRS are used to examine the lipid accumulation in the diabetic kidney in a mouse model. Reproduced with permission from ref (61). Copyright 2013 the American Physiological Society.