Table 2.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of infant outcomes NICU admission, APGAR score, and SGA by PNC (n = 4,347)
| Dependent Variable | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Chi-Square | P-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NICU Admission | Unadjusted Model | Prenatal Care | |||
| Less than 10 | 1.967(1.520,2.544) | 1642.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
| 10 or more | 1 | ||||
| Adjusted Model | Prenatal Care | ||||
| Less than 10 | |||||
| 10 or more | 1.84(1.41,2.42) | 19.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
| Covariates | Payment Method | ||||
| WV Medicaid | 1 | ||||
| Other | 0.95(0.750,1.21) | 0.16 | 0.6932 | ||
| Race | |||||
| White | 1 | ||||
| Non-White | 1.10(0.75,1.61) | 0.19 | 0.6635 | ||
| Parity | |||||
| 0 | 1 | ||||
| 1 or more | 0.98(0.76,1.27) | 0.03 | 0.8716 | ||
| Smoking | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 0.91(0.69,1.20) | 0.49 | 0.4842 | ||
| Substance Use | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 1.42(1.05,1.91) | 5.15 | 0.0232 | ||
| Diabetes | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.46(1.57,3.85) | 15.42 | < 0.0001 | ||
| 5- minute APGAR score less than 7 | Unadjusted Model | Prenatal Care | 0.2469 | ||
| Less than 10 | 3.33(2.107,5.255) | 967.3 | < 0.0001 | ||
| 10 or more | 1 | ||||
| Adjusted Model | Prenatal Care | ||||
| Less than 10 | 3.26(2.03,5.22) | 23.98 | < 0.0001 | ||
| 10 or more | 1 | ||||
| Payment Method | |||||
| WV Medicaid | 1 | ||||
| Other | 0.87(0.53, 1.42) | 0.32 | 0.5696 | ||
| Race | |||||
| White | 1 | ||||
| Non-White | 1.35(0.66,2.76) | 0.68 | 0.4088 | ||
| Parity | |||||
| 0 | 1 | ||||
| 1 or more | 1.12(0.66,1.84) | 0.18 | 0.6677 | ||
| Smoking | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 0.90(0.52,1.58) | 0.12 | 0.724 | ||
| Substance Use | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 1.09(0.59,2.03) | 0.08 | 0.7754 | ||
| Diabetes | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.13(0.84,5.39) | 2.54 | 0.1107 | ||
| Infant Small for Gestational Age | Unadjusted Model | Prenatal Care | 0.5415 | ||
| Less than 10 | 1.24(0.91,1.70) | 1.79 | 0.1814 | ||
| 10 or more | 1 | ||||
| Adjusted Model | Prenatal Care | ||||
| Less than 10 | 1.08(0.78,0.150) | 0.23 | 0.6302 | ||
| 10 or more | 1 | ||||
| Covariates | Payment Method | ||||
| WV Medicaid | 1 | ||||
| Other | 1.20(0.94,1.55) | 2.05 | 0.1521 | ||
| Race | |||||
| White | 1 | ||||
| Non-White | 1.39(0.93,2.06) | 2.6 | 0.1069 | ||
| Parity | |||||
| 0 | 1 | ||||
| 1 or more | 0.93(0.70,1.22) | 0.31 | 0.5785 | ||
| Smoking | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 1.98(1.52,2.58) | 25.5 | < 0.0001 | ||
| Substance Use | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 1.55(1.14,2.11) | 7.97 | 0.0048 | ||
| Diabetes | |||||
| No | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 0.45(0.18,1.11) | 3.03 | 0.0816 | ||
| Age of Mother | 1.04(0.93,1.17) | 0.55 | 0.4591 | ||