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. 2023 May 24;23:379. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05662-x

Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of infant outcomes NICU admission, APGAR score, and SGA by PNC (n = 4,347)

Dependent Variable Odds Ratio (95% CI) Chi-Square P-Value
NICU Admission Unadjusted Model Prenatal Care
Less than 10 1.967(1.520,2.544) 1642.5  < 0.0001
10 or more 1
Adjusted Model Prenatal Care
Less than 10
10 or more 1.84(1.41,2.42) 19.5  < 0.0001
Covariates Payment Method
WV Medicaid 1
Other 0.95(0.750,1.21) 0.16 0.6932
Race
White 1
Non-White 1.10(0.75,1.61) 0.19 0.6635
Parity
0 1
1 or more 0.98(0.76,1.27) 0.03 0.8716
Smoking
No 1
Yes 0.91(0.69,1.20) 0.49 0.4842
Substance Use
No 1
Yes 1.42(1.05,1.91) 5.15 0.0232
Diabetes
No 1
Yes 2.46(1.57,3.85) 15.42  < 0.0001
5- minute APGAR score less than 7 Unadjusted Model Prenatal Care 0.2469
Less than 10 3.33(2.107,5.255) 967.3  < 0.0001
10 or more 1
Adjusted Model Prenatal Care
Less than 10 3.26(2.03,5.22) 23.98  < 0.0001
10 or more 1
Payment Method
WV Medicaid 1
Other 0.87(0.53, 1.42) 0.32 0.5696
Race
White 1
Non-White 1.35(0.66,2.76) 0.68 0.4088
Parity
0 1
1 or more 1.12(0.66,1.84) 0.18 0.6677
Smoking
No 1
Yes 0.90(0.52,1.58) 0.12 0.724
Substance Use
No 1
Yes 1.09(0.59,2.03) 0.08 0.7754
Diabetes
No 1
Yes 2.13(0.84,5.39) 2.54 0.1107
Infant Small for Gestational Age Unadjusted Model Prenatal Care 0.5415
Less than 10 1.24(0.91,1.70) 1.79 0.1814
10 or more 1
Adjusted Model Prenatal Care
Less than 10 1.08(0.78,0.150) 0.23 0.6302
10 or more 1
Covariates Payment Method
WV Medicaid 1
Other 1.20(0.94,1.55) 2.05 0.1521
Race
White 1
Non-White 1.39(0.93,2.06) 2.6 0.1069
Parity
0 1
1 or more 0.93(0.70,1.22) 0.31 0.5785
Smoking
No 1
Yes 1.98(1.52,2.58) 25.5  < 0.0001
Substance Use
No 1
Yes 1.55(1.14,2.11) 7.97 0.0048
Diabetes
No 1
Yes 0.45(0.18,1.11) 3.03 0.0816
Age of Mother 1.04(0.93,1.17) 0.55 0.4591