Table 1. Baseline characters before and after PSM.
| Variables | The entire cohort | The PSM cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TACE (N = 78) | Surgery (N = 51) | p value | TACE (N = 31) | Surgery (N = 31) | p value | |
| Sex | 0.624 | 1.000 | ||||
| Female | 11 (14.1%) | 9 (17.6%) | 6 (19.4%) | 5 (16.1%) | ||
| Male | 67 (85.9%) | 42 (82.4%) | 25 (80.6%) | 26 (83.9%) | ||
| Age level | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| <60 | 57 (73.1%) | 37 (72.5%) | 25 (80.6%) | 24 (77.4%) | ||
| ≥60 | 21 (26.9%) | 14 (27.5%) | 6 (19.4%) | 7 (22.6%) | ||
| Age (years) | 50.88 ± 13.35 | 51.78 ± 12.89 | 0.705 | 52.00 ± 10.37 | 52.00 ± 10.22 | 0.922 |
| HBsAg | 0.121 | 0.174 | ||||
| Negative | 20 (25.6%) | 20 (39.2%) | 7 (22.6%) | 13 (41.9%) | ||
| Positive | 58 (74.4%) | 31 (60.8%) | 24 (77.4%) | 18 (58.1%) | ||
| Anti-HCV | 0.152 | 0.238 | ||||
| Negative | 74 (94.9%) | 51 (100.0%) | 28 (90.3%) | 31 (100.0%) | ||
| Positive | 4 (5.1%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| TBIL (umol/L) | 22.50 ± 24.51 | 27.32 ± 70.23 | 0.580 | 22.67 ± 20.47 | 19.14 ± 21.34 | 0.512 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 0.443 | 0.293 | ||||
| <35 | 27 (34.5%) | 14 (27.5%) | 14 (45.2%) | 9 (29.0%) | ||
| ≥35 | 51 (65.4%) | 37 (72.5%) | 17 (54.8%) | 22 (71.0%) | ||
| AST (IU/L) | 0.422 | 0.786 | ||||
| <35 | 19 (24.4%) | 16 (31.4%) | 9 (29.0%) | 11 (35.5%) | ||
| ≥35 | 59 (75.6%) | 35 (68.6%) | 22 (71.0%) | 20 (64.5%) | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | 40.32 ± 5.85 | 41.79 ± 5.97 | 0.169 | 39.78 ± 6.39 | 41.80 ± 4.69 | 0.162 |
| APTT | 30.71 ± 6.16 | 28.87 ± 4.04 | 0.065 | 31.45 ± 5.68 | 28.53 ± 3.33 | 0.016 |
| INR | 1.26 ± 1.40 | 1.05 ± 0.17 | 0.276 | 1.50 ± 2.19 | 1.05 ± 0.19 | 0.261 |
| AFP (<400/≥400 ug/L) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| <400 | 46 (59.0%) | 30 (58.8%) | 22 (71.0%) | 21 (67.7%) | ||
| ≥400 | 32 (41.0%) | 21 (41.2%) | 9 (29.0%) | 10 (32.3%) | ||
| Platelet count (×10^9/L) | 0.340 | 1.000 | ||||
| <100 | 29 (37.2%) | 14 (27.5%) | 10 (32.3%) | 10 (32.3%) | ||
| ≥100 | 49 (62.8%) | 37 (72.5%) | 21 (67.7%) | 21 (67.7%) | ||
| CNLC stage | 0.092 | 1.000 | ||||
| IIa | 31 (39.7%) | 28 (54.9%) | 16 (51.6%) | 16 (51.6%) | ||
| IIb | 47 (60.3%) | 23 (45.1%) | 15 (48.4%) | 15 (48.4%) | ||
| Ascites | 0.362 | 0.425 | ||||
| NO | 69 (88.5%) | 48 (94.1%) | 26 (83.9%) | 29 (93.5%) | ||
| YES | 9 (11.5%) | 3 (9.3%) | 5 (16.1%) | 2 (6.5%) | ||
| Largest tumor size (<5/≥5 cm) | 0.629 | 1.000 | ||||
| <5 | 64 (82.1%) | 44 (86.3%) | 26 (83.9%) | 27 (87.1%) | ||
| ≥5 | 14 (17.9%) | 7 (13.7%) | 5 (16.1%) | 4 (12.9%) | ||
| Spiegel | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| NO | 37 (47.4%) | 25 (49.0%) | 15 (48.4%) | 16 (51.6%) | ||
| YES | 41 (52.6%) | 26 (51.0%) | 16 (51.6%) | 15 (48.4%) | ||
| Paracava | 0.851 | 0.780 | ||||
| NO | 52 (66.7%) | 33 (64.7%) | 23 (74.2%) | 21 (67.7%) | ||
| YES | 26 (33.3%) | 18 (35.3%) | 8 (25.8%) | 10 (32.3%) | ||
| Caudate | 0.112 | 0.570 | ||||
| NO | 67 (85.9%) | 38 (74.5%) | 24 (77.4%) | 21 (67.7%) | ||
| YES | 11 (14.1%) | 13 (25.5%) | 7 (22.6%) | 10 (32.3%) | ||
| Child-Pugh | 0.147 | 1.000 | ||||
| A | 61 (78.2%) | 34 (66.7%) | 23 (74.2%) | 23 (74.2%) | ||
| B | 17 (21.8%) | 17 (33.3%) | 8 (25.8%) | 8 (25.8%) | ||
| ECOG 1 | 78 (100.0%) | 51 (100.0%) | 31 (100.0%) | 31 (100.0%) | ||
Note: PSM Propensity score matching, HBsAg Hepatitis B surface antigen, HCV Hepatitis C virus, TBIL Total bilirubin, ALT Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, AST Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, APTT Activated partial thromboplastin time, INR International normalized ratio, AFP Alpha-fetoprotein, CNLC China liver cancer staging, ECOG Eastern cooperative oncology group.