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. 2023 May 24;2023(5):CD015201. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015201

Olivas‐Martínez 2021.

Study characteristics
Notes English title
In‐hospital mortality from severe COVID‐19 in a tertiary care center in Mexico City; causes of death, risk factors and the impact of hospital saturation
Study setting
Start of study recruitment (MM/YYYY)
02/2020
End of study recruitment (MM/YYYY)
06/2020
Study design
prospective cohort
Study centre(s)
single centres/clinics/areas within a country
Number of centres/clinics/areas
1
Study setting
inpatient
Number of participants recruited
800
Sampling method
consecutive participants
Participants
Female participants
(absolute number), 312
Age measure, value
mean(standard deviation), 51.9 (13.9)
Inclusion criteria
All patients included in this cohort had a positive real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) either from a naso/oropharyngeal swab or from a tracheal aspirate by a procedure previously described, chest computed tomography scan compatible with diagnosis of COVID‐19 pneumonia, routine blood workup (including complete blood count, inflammatory markers, metabolic panel and arterial blood gas analysis) and required hospital admission due to hypoxaemia.
Exclusion criteria
143 patients (14%) did not meet inclusion criteria due to negative or indeterminate SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR results, we excluded 62 patients due to inter‐hospital transfer and unknown clinical outcome (transfer to another hospital with available ICU beds owing to clinical deterioration) and 13 patients that were discharged against medical advice.
Smoking
NR
Diabetes
(absolute number), 209
Hypertension
(absolute number), 240
Cardiovascular diseases
(absolute number), 37
Please indicate if additional information is available 
NR
Asthma
(absolute number), 11
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
NR
Other pulmonary diseases
(absolute number), 7
Please indicate if additional information is available 
Chronic lung disease
Immunosupression
(absolute number), 48
Please indicate if additional information is available
NR
Chronic kidney disease
(absolute number), 24
Cancer
NR
Steroid administration
NR
Supplemental oxygen
NR
Differential values for various oxygenation methods (if indicated)
NR
Other treatment
NR
Dose if applicable
NR
Duration if applicable
NR
Percentage received this treatment
NR
Prognostic factor(s)
Study’s definition for obesity
Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2)
The time when obesity has been measured
before disease or right at presentation
Main variable used for determination of obesity
BMI
Threshold used for definition of obesity 
30
Measure of frequency
absolute number
Frequency value
357 out of 797
How many eligible outcomes reported?
1
How many eligible outcomes reported?
1
Outcome(s)
mortality
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality (BMI > 30)
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category): 
BMI > 30
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
357
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
440
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.42 (0.99, 2.03)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.62 (1.14, 2.32)
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality (BMI > 40)
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category): 
BMI > 40
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
43
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
754
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
2.24 (1.38, 3.61)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
2.41 (1.53, 3.81)
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality(BMI > 40 )
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category): 
BMI > 40 
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
43
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
754
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
3.15 (1.51, 6.55)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
3.38 (1.63, 7.00)
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality (BMI 35 to 40)
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category): 
BMI 35 to 40
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
84
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
713
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.47 (0.66, 3.26)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
2.02 (0.94, 4.34)
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality (BMI 30 to 35)
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category)
BMI 30 to 35
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
223
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
574
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.64 (0.85, 3.17)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.7 (0.89, 3.21)
Outcome (prognostic factor)
mortality (BMI 25 to 30)
Outcome
mortality
Prognostic factor (category): 
BMI 25 to 30
Follow‐up
Number of patients followed completely for this outcome 
800
Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
290
Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome 
507
Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.36 (0.71, 2.64)
Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity
Modelling method
other (please specify)
The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment
age and gender
Effect measure for obesity
relative risk
Effect measure value (95% CI)
1.37 (0.72, 2.63)
 
Item Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Study Participation Yes Appendix 3
Study Attrition
Mortality Yes Appendix 3
Prognostic Factor Measurement Yes Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement
Mortality Yes Appendix 3
Confounding Bias
Mortality Yes Appendix 3
Statistical Analysis Bias Yes Appendix 3