Parikh 2020.

Study characteristics
Notes	English title ICU outcomes in Covid‐19 patients with obesity Study setting Start of study recruitment (MM/YYYY): 03/2020 End of study recruitment (MM/YYYY): 05/2020 Study design: Retrospective cohort Study centre(s): Single centre/clinic/area within a country Number of centres, clinics or areas: 1 Study setting: Inpatient Number of participants recruited: 160 Sampling method: Consecutive participants Participants Female participants (absolute number): 55 Age measure, value: Mean (SD), 60.35 (16.48) Inclusion criteria: Adult patients with laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 who were admitted to the ICU Exclusion criteria: NR Smoking frequency: 61 (including ex‐smokers) Diabetes frequency: 74 Hypertension frequency: 106 Cardiovascular disease frequency: 39 Asthma frequency: 19 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease frequency: 15 Other pulmonary disease frequency: NR Immunosuppression frequency: 6 Chronic kidney disease frequency: 39 Cancer frequency: 18 Steroid administration frequency: NR Supplemental oxygen administration frequency: NR Other treatments (frequency): Tocilizumab (40), anakinra (16), sarilumab (32), remdesivir (2), self‐prone (spontaneously breathing) (67), vasopressors (74), tracheostomy (7) Prognostic factor(s) Study’s definition for obesity: BMI ≥ 30 The time when obesity has been measured: NR Main variable used for determination of obesity: BMI Threshold used for definition: 30 Obesity frequency (absolute number): 83 Prognostic factor(s): BMI ≥ 30 Outcome(s) In‐hospital death Length of stay Length of ICU stay Mechanical ventilation Outcome (prognostic factor) In‐hospital death (BMI ≥ 30) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for the outcome: 160 Number of obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 83 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 77 Univariable unadjusted analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity: Odds ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 0.8 (0.4, 2.5), 0.501 Multivariable analysis for obesity Modelling method: Logistic regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment: Age, asthma, sex Effect measure for obesity: odds ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 1.2 (0.6, 2.6), 0.637 Outcome (prognostic factor) Length of stay (BMI ≥ 30) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for the outcome: 160 Number of obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 83 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 77 Univariable unadjusted analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity: Hazard ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 0.8 (0.5, 1.4), 0.391 Multivariable analysis for obesity Modelling method: Cox regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment: Age, asthma, sex Effect measure for obesity: Hazard ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 1.2 (0.7, 2.2), 0.481 Outcome (prognostic factor) Length of ICU stay (BMI ≥ 30) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for the outcome: 160 Number of obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 83 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 77 Univariable unadjusted analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity: Hazard ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 0.7 (0.4, 1.3), 0.254 Multivariable analysis for obesity Modelling method: Cox regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment: Age, asthma, sex Effect measure for obesity: Hazard ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 0.9 (0.5, 1.7), 0.85 Outcome (prognostic factor) Mechanical ventilation (BMI ≥ 30) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for the outcome: 160 Number of obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 83 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for the outcome: 77 Univariable unadjusted analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity: Odds ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 2 (1.1, 3.8), 0.029 Multivariable analysis for obesity Modelling method: Logistic regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment: Age, asthma, sex Effect measure for obesity: Odds ratio Effect measure value (95% CI), P value: 1.6 (0.8, 3.1), 0.21
Item	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Study Participation	Unclear	Appendix 3
Study Attrition Mortality	Yes	Appendix 3
Study Attrition Mechanical ventilation	Yes	Appendix 3
Study Attrition ICU admission	Yes	Appendix 3
Study Attrition Hospitalisation	Yes	Appendix 3
Prognostic Factor Measurement	Yes	Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement Mortality	Yes	Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement Mechanical ventilation	Unclear	Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement ICU admission	Yes	Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement Hospitalisation	Yes	Appendix 3
Confounding Bias Mortality	Unclear	Appendix 3
Confounding Bias Mechanical ventilation	Unclear	Appendix 3
Confounding Bias ICU admission	Unclear	Appendix 3
Confounding Bias Hospitalisation	Unclear	Appendix 3
Statistical Analysis Bias	Unclear	Appendix 3