Smati 2021b.

Study characteristics
Notes	English title Risk factors for hospitalization among patients with COVID‑19 at a community ambulatory clinic in Massachusetts during the initial pandemic surge Study setting Start of study recruitment (MM/YYYY) 03/2020 End of study recruitment (MM/YYYY) 04/2020 Study design retrospective cohort Study centre(s) single centres/clinics/areas within a country Number of centres/clinics/areas 1 Study setting outpatient Number of participants recruited 460 Sampling method unspecified Participants Female participants (absolute number), 292 Age measure, value not reported Inclusion criteria Patients 18 years of age or older who had an initial visit from March 18, 2020 through April 25, 2020 at our ambulatory clinic and had a positive result of a nasopharyngeal swab for SARS‐CoV‐2 using the CDC 2019‐Novel Coronavirus RT‐PCR Diagnostic Panel kit were included in the analytic sample. Patients were considered hospitalised if they were admitted to any hospital, not limited to our network. Patients evaluated and discharged by emergency departments and patients hospitalised for childbirth were considered non‐hospitalised for the purposes of our study. Exclusion criteria Patients who were initially evaluated in the emergency department were excluded. Smoking NR Diabetes (absolute number), 77 Hypertension (absolute number), 125 Cardiovascular diseases (absolute number), 23 Please indicate if additional information is available  CAD: 23 Asthma (unspecified) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (unspecified) Other pulmonary diseases (absolute number), 95 Please indicate if additional information is available  Chronic Lung Disease: 95 Immunosuppression (absolute number), 21 Please indicate if additional information is available currently taking immunosuppressive medication or asplenia, HIV, autoimmune rheumatologic disease, or diagnosis of cancer since 2019 Chronic kidney disease (absolute number), 14 Cancer (unspecified) Steroid administration (unspecified) Supplemental oxygen (unspecified) Differential values for various oxygenation methods (if indicated) NR Other treatment NR Dose if applicable NR Duration if applicable NR Percentage received this treatment NR Prognostic factor(s) Study’s definition for obesity Obese (BMI >= 30 kg/m2) The time when obesity has been measured unspecified Main variable used for determination of obesity BMI Threshold used for definition of obesity  >= 30 kg/m2 Measure of frequency absolute number Frequency value 233 How many eligible outcomes reported? 1 How many eligible outcomes reported? 1 Outcome(s) hospitalisation Outcome (prognostic factor) Hospitalisation (obese (BMI >= 30)) Outcome Hospitalisation Prognostic factor (category):  Obese (BMI >= 30) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for this outcome  460 Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome  233 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome  227 Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity odds ratio  Effect measure value (95% CI) 7.64 (1.8, 32.4) Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity Modelling method logistic regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment Age category, sex, and BMI of 25 or above (combined overweight and obesity categories) Effect measure for obesity odds ratio  Effect measure value (95% CI) 7.32 (1.68, 31.97) Outcome (prognostic factor) Hospitalisation (overweight (BMI 25‐29.9)) Outcome Hospitalisation Prognostic factor (category):  Overweight (BMI 25‐29.9) Follow‐up Number of patients followed completely for this outcome  460 Number of obese patients followed completely for this outcome  233 Number of non‐obese patients followed completely for this outcome  227 Univariable (unadjusted) analysis for obesity Effect measure for obesity odds ratio  Effect measure value (95% CI) 6.23 (1.42, 27.31) Multivariable (adjusted) analysis for obesity Modelling method logistic regression The set of prognostic factors used for adjustment Age category, sex, and BMI of 25 or above (combined overweight and obesity categories) Effect measure for obesity odds ratio  Effect measure value (95% CI) 5.9 (1.31, 26.65)
Item	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Study Participation	Yes	Appendix 3
Study Attrition Hospitalisation	Unclear	Appendix 3
Prognostic Factor Measurement	Yes	Appendix 3
Outcome Measurement Hospitalisation	Yes	Appendix 3
Confounding Bias Hospitalisation	Yes	Appendix 3
Statistical Analysis Bias	Yes	Appendix 3