Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of the T2D patients.

Factors	Descriptions		2009–2010			2011–2012
		Diabetic	Control	p-valuea	Diabetic	Control	pvaluea
Total, n (%)		387 (7.9)	4535 (92.1)		373 (7.6)	4563 (92.4)
Age (years)	Age in years	60.1 $\pm$ 13.8	35.4 $\pm$ 21.9	<0.001	58.4 $\pm 15.5$	35.5 $\pm$ 21.9	<0.001
Gender, Male n (%)	Gender	205 (8.4)	2234 (91.6)	0.161	198 (8.0)	2272 (92.0)	0.222
Race, White n (%)	Race	232 (7.3)	2,958 (92.7)	0.035	218 (7.0)	2882 (93.0)	0.008
Education, College n (%)	Education status	177 (9.7)	1757 (90.3)	<0.001	205 (11.1)	1634 (88.9)	<0.001
Marital status, Married n (%)	Marital status	223 (10.9)	1826 (89.1)	<0.001	203 (10.7)	1693 (89.3)	<0.001
Occupation, Working, n (%)	Occupation	143 (6.1)	2207 (93.9)	<0.001	151 (6.7)	2112 (93.3)	<0.001
SBP (mm Hg)	Systolic blood pressure	126.5 $\pm 20.3$	116.7 $\pm 16.5$	<0.001	129.4 $\pm 18.4$	117.7 $\pm 17.0$	<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	Diastolic blood pressure	65.7 $\pm 13.5$	66.8 $\pm$ 14.3	0.157	70.5 $\pm 14.3$	68.1 $\pm 14.4$	0.003
DC (mg/dL)	Direct cholesterol	1.3 $\pm 0.4$	1.4 $\pm 0.4$	<0.001	1.2 $\pm 0.4$	1.4 $\pm 0.4$	<0.001
TC (mg/dL)	Total cholesterol	4.8 $\pm 1.1$	4.9 $\pm 1.1$	0.001	4.8 $\pm 1.2$	4.8 $\pm 1.1$	0.286
PA, Yes, n (%)	Physical activity	142 (6.4)	2135 (93.8)	<0.001	143 (6.0)	2226 (94.0)	<0.001
Alcohol, Yes, n (%)	Drinking alcohol	255 (10.0)	2298 (90.0)	0.001	263 (9.9)	2394 (90.1)	0.245
Smoking, Yes, n (%)	Smoking status	56 (7.3)	715 (92.7)	<0.001	50 (7.2)	648 (92.8)	<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	Body mass index	32.6 $\pm 8.0$	26.4 $\pm 7.4$	<0.001	32.5 $\pm 7.7$	26.0 $\pm 7.0$	<0.001

^ap-value is obtained from paired t-test for continuous and Chi-Square test for categorical data.