Table 3.

UT:SA and UT:LT ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)

Exercise	Mean	SD	Lower boundary 95% CI	Upper boundary 95% CI	Post hoc analysis
UT:SA
SA punch	0.06	± 0.05	0.03	0.10	< S, T
Dynamic hug	0.20	± 0.20	0.06	0.35	< S, T
Cutoff mean values < 0.6
Scaption	0.87	± 0.38	0.60	1.14	> DH, SAP
T	5.46	± 4.77	2.05	8.88	> DH, SAP
UT:LT
SA punch	0.38	± 0.24	0.21	0.55	< S, T
Dynamic hug	0.53	± 0.61	0.10	0.97	< S
Cutoff mean values < 0.6
T	0.86	± 0.33	0.62	1.10	> SAP
Scaption	1.28	± 0.62	0.83	1.73	> DH, SAP

Note: Bonferroni post hoc analysis revealed multiple significant differences between exercises (p < .05). Differences between exercises are identified by the following abbreviations: scaption (S), T (T), dynamic hug (DH), SA punch (SAP). A cutoff is displayed with mean values < 0.6 considered optimal. Exercises are displayed in rank order from smallest to largest ratio with arrows pointing toward the most optimal ratios. UT:LT = upper trapezius to lower trapezius ratio; UT:SA = upper trapezius to serratus anterior ratio.