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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 24.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Jul 30;30(3):392–403. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.07.008

TABLE 2.

Changes in Outcome Measures at 3- and 6-Months

Measure 3-mo change

TCCa (N = 62) HEWa (N = 63) Between-Group Statistics


Estimate (SD) Within-Group Statistics Estimate (SD) Within-Group Statistics

Clinical
HAM-D −9.27 (5.29) t(174) = −14.2, p <0.0001 −9.40 (5.35) t(174) =−12.3, p <0.0001 F(6,174) = 1.2, p =0.3
GDS −4.90 (5.36) t(174) =−6.7, p <0.0001 −3.77 (6.62) t(174) =−5.1, p <0.0001 F(6,174) = 0.5, p =0.8
CD-RISC 4.71 (13.25) t(174) = 3.4, p = 0.0008 3.66 (9.75) t(174) = 2.7, p = 0.008 F(1,174) = 0.3, p =0.6
SF-36 General Health 2.71 (11.35) t(174) = 2.1, p =0.04 0.32(9.31) t(174) = 0.2, p =0.8 F(1,174) = 1.8, p =0.2
Cognitive Domains
Delayed Recall −0.15 (0.57) t(173) =−1.7, p =0.08 −0.002 (0.61) t(173) = −0.2, p =0.9 F(1,173) = 1.8, p =0.2
Attention/Executive Function −0.04 (0.61) t(173) = −0.3, p =0.8 0.03 (0.53) t(173) = 0.7, p =0.5 F(1,173) = 0.5, p =0.5
Language 0.03 (0.40) t(172) = 0.5, p =0.6 −0.12 (0.46) t(172) =−1.9, p =0.06 F(1,172) = 2.9, p =0.09

Measure 6-mo change

TCCa (N = 57) HEWa (N = 59) Between-Group Statistics


Estimate (SD) Within-Group Statistics Estimate (SD) Within-Group Statistics


Clinical
HAM-D −10.00 (5.99) t(174)=−13.7, p <0.0001 −10.46 (5.63) t(174) =−14.3, p <0.0001 F(9,174) = 0.8, p =0.6
GDS −5.31 (5.71) t(174) =−6.3, p <0.0001 −3.40(7.27) t(174) =−4.3, p <0.0001 F(9,174) = 1.0, p =0.4
CD-RISC 5.86(12.65) t(174)=3.8, p = 0.0002 5.09(11.76) t(174)=3.2, p = 0.002 F(2,174) = 0.1, p =0.9
SF-36 General Health 5.31 (12.12) t(174)=3.1,p = 0.003 0.61 (12.06) t(174)=0.3, p =0.8 F(2,174) = 2.1, p =0.1
Cognitive Domains
Delayed Recall −0.20(0.83) t(173)=−1.8, p =0.08 −0.08 (0.62) t(173)=−0.6, p =0.5 F(2,173) = 0.9, p =0.4
Attention/Executive Function −0.08 (0.50) t(173)=1.0, p =0.3 0.07(0.51) t(173) = 1.3, p =0.2 F(2,173)= 1.3, p =0.3
Language 0.04 (0.42) t(172)=0.6, p = 0.6 −0.12(0.46) t(172)=−1.8, p =0.08 F(2,172) = 1.9, p =0.2
a

TCC = Tai Chi Chih; HEW = Health Education and Wellness