Disruption of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) in S1 mouse brain
(A) Decreased ChAT positive cells in S1 mouse MS and DBB (green, ChAT; blue, DAPI; scale bar, 200 μm).
(B) Decreased ChAT positive cells in S1 mouse MS and DBB (vector control, n = 5 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05).
(C) Intracerebral acetylcholine (vector control, n = 8; S1 mouse, n = 9; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05).
(D) Adv inoculation, PNU282987 administration, brain harvest schedule.
(E) Enhanced IL-6 expression in S1 mouse brain tissue and effect of PNU282987 (no treatment; vector control, n = 4 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05. PNU282987; vector control, n = 5 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ns, not significant.).
(F) Decreased ZFP36 expression in S1 mouse brain tissue and effect of PNU282987 (no treatment; vector control, n = 4 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05. PNU282987; vector control, n = 5 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ns, not significant.).
(G) ZFP36 mRNA expression in U373 cells (LPS stimulation, n = 5; LPS stimulation+PNU282987 treatment, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05).
(H) TNFα mRNA expression in U373 cells (LPS Stimulation, n = 5; LPS stimulation+PNU282987 treatment, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗, p < 0.05).
(I) Expression of calbindin in olfactory bulb tissue of S1 mice additionally administered LPS (vector control, n = 5 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values; ∗∗, p < 0.01).
(J) Expression of calbindin in brain tissue of S1 mouse additionally administered LPS (vector control, n = 4 S1 mouse, n = 5; Mann-Whitney U-test; median values).