Table 2.

Summary of Reported Cases of CPA-associated Enteritis.

No.	Reference	Age/ sex	Background autoimmune disease	Symptoms	Affected organ	Colonoscopy findings	CT findings	Pathological findings	Treatments	Total dose of CPA	Outcomes of enteritis
1	(3)	60/M	MPA	Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea	Small intestine Colon	Denuded and erythematous mucosa	Diffuse mural thickening	Full-thickness mucosal ulceration and inflammation throughout the terminal ileum and colon	CPA was continued for 1 month with dose reduction to 50 mg/day and subsequent discontinuation	2,100 mg	Symptoms did not improve for more than 4 weeks; patient eventually died from ARDS.
2	(4)	61/F	GPA	Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea	Stomach Duodenum Small intestine Colon	Generalized edema from the transverse colon to the rectum	Massive wall thickening with prominent contrast enhancement in the mucosa	Mild inflammatory cellular infiltration, some granulation tissues, and ulcers	Discontinuation of CPA Intensive supportive care	1,000 mg	Symptoms did not improve for more than 4 months but eventually improved.
3	Our case	60/M	MPA	Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea	Small intestine Colon	Severe edema of the mucosa from the ileum to the rectum with redness and erosion	Extensive wall thickening in the small intestine and colon	Interstitium showing slightly granulation tissue-like nonspecific inflammation	Discontinuation of CPA Intensive supportive care	500 mg	Symptoms did not improve for more than 4 months but eventually improved.

M: male, F: female, CT: computed tomography, CPA: cyclophosphamide, MPA: microscopic polyangiitis, GPA: granulomatosis with polyangiitis, ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome