Table 3.
Cornual/rudimentary horn/malformed uterus pregnancy case reports and sonographic features in the second or third trimester (2000-2023). Search performed on February 10, 2023.
| Author | Year | Number of cases | Myometrial thickness | Pregnancy location/uterine anomaly | Gestational age | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nash et al. [63] | 2020 | 1 | 1 mm (pathology) 6mm (MRI) |
Cornual region | 19 wk | Abdominal hysterectomy |
| Corte et al.[64] | 2019 | 1 | Not reported | Unicornuate with communicating rudimentary horn | 20 wk | Fetal demise; rudimentary horn excision; uterus anatomy restored. |
| Has et al.,[65] | 2002 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 13 wk | Ruptured rudimentary horn resection; fetal demise |
| Fekih et al. [66] | 2009 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 30 wks | Viable fetus |
| Brewer et al. [67] | 2005 | 1 | Not reported | Cornual | 28 wk 5/7 d | Uterine rupture; viable fetus |
| Shin & Kim [68] | 2005 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 34 wk | Viable fetus; rudimentary horn resection |
| Hassan et al. [69] | 2011 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 19 wk | Nonviable fetus |
| Wang et al. [70] | 2018 | 2 | Not reported | Cornual region | 33 wks, 3rd trimester (2nd case) | Fetal demise in both cases |
| Parveen, R [71] | 2019 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn; unicornuate association | 17 wk | Missed abortion; rudimentary horn resection |
| Nathan and Sornum [72] | 2013 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn; unicornuate association | 15 wk | Nonviable; right horn resection and salpingectomy |
| Kozar et al. [73] | 2020 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 14 wk | Nonviable; uterine and rudimentary horn rupture. |
| Zhang et al. [74] | 2020 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 38 wk | Viable fetus |
| Contreras et al. [75] | 2008 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 19 wk | Nonviable |
| Shahid et al. [76] | 2009 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 16 wk | Nonviable |
| Safiee & Ghazali [77] | 2021 | 1 | Not reported | Right cornual region | 19 wk 3 d | Live fetus; Pregnancy terminated |
| Ozeren et al. [78] | 2004 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 17 wk | Live fetus; Pregnancy terminated |
| Prenaud et al. [79] | 2017 | 1 | Not reported | Right Cornual region | Very early gestation | Right uterine rupture with salpingectomy; hemoperitoneal aspiration of the fetus. |
| Singh et al. [80] | 2015 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 20 wk | No Fetal heart rate was reported at the time of diagnosis |
| Lennox et al. [81] | 2013 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 16 wk | Pregnancy termination with rudimentary horn resection |
| Upadhyaya [82] | 2011 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 14 wk | Fetal demise; emergent laparotomy |
| Feteh et al. [83] | 2016 | 1 | Not reported | Right rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus | 42 wk 5 d | Fetal demise at 36 wk; excision of right with salpingectomy. |
| Kawthalkar et al.[84] | 2011 | 1 | Not reported | Left Unicornuate uterus with right noncommunicating rudimentary horn | 37 wk | Viable fetus; total hysterectomy |
| Fitzmaurice et al.[85] | 2010 | 1 | Not reported | Unicornuate; Right rudimentary horn | 24 wk 3 d | Fetal demise at delivery; hysterectomy 3 mo after c-section |
| Allouche et al. [86] | 2010 | 1 | Not reported | Noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn | 26 wk | Viable fetus; hemihysterectomy |
| Arslan et al. [87] | 2009 | 1 | Not reported | Noncommunicating rudimentary horn | 37 wk | Viable fetus; rudimentary horn excision plus ipsilateral salpingectomy |
| Rajbhandary et al. [88] | 2020 | 1 | Not reported | Right Rudimentary horn of the unicornuate uterus | 15 wk | Nonviable fetus; ruptured rudimentary horn excision plus ipsilateral salpingectomy |
| Kuscu et al. [89] | 2002 | 1 | Not reported | Right rudimentary horn; unicornuate uterus | 15 wk | Ruptured rudimentary horn; emergency laparotomy; POC resected |
| Jerbi et al. [90] | 2005 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 18 wks | Excision of Ruptured rudimentary horn and ipsilateral salpingectomy; nonviable fetus. |
| Al Qarni et al. [91] | 2005 | 1 | Not reported | Left Rudimentary horn; bicornuate uterus. | 32 wks | Excision of left ruptured rudimentary horn with salpingectomy; alive fetus |
| Mishra et al. [92] | 2015 | 1 | Not reported | Left rudimentary horn; unicornuate uterus | 16 wks | Left rudimentary horn and ipsilateral salpingectomy excision; nonviable fetus |
| Stern el al. [93] | 2018 | 1 | Cornual pregnancy | 15 wks | Hysterectomy; nonviable fetus | |
| Jomaa et al. [94] | 2021 | 1 | Less than 2 mm | Left Rudimentary horn pregnancy; unicornuate association | 16 wk | Rudimentary horn and salpingectomy excision; nonviable fetus |
| Demishev et al. [95] | 2014 | 1 | Not reported | Left cornual region | 30 wk 4 d | Left cornual perforation; Viable fetus |
| Rana et al. [96] | 2008 | 1 | Not reported | Left rudimentary horn | 27 wk 5 d | Ruptured rudimentary horn and extrusion of fetus into abdomen and survival for 1 mo; ex uterine nonviability; excision of the horn. |
| Gaber-patel & Smith [97] | 2009 | 1 | Not reported | Right cornua of the uterus | 13 wk | Right cornual wedge resection; a nonviable fetus. |
| Thurber & Fleischer [98] | 2018 | 1 | Not reported | Right rudimentary horn | 19 wk 4 d | Horn resection; nonviable fetus |
| Cuppett et al. [99] | 2011 | 1 | Not reported | Right horn | 32 wk | Viable fetus |
| Goel et al. [100] | 2007 | 1 | Not reported | Unicornuate uterus; rudimentary horn | 41 wk 3 d | Viable fetus |
| Patra et al. [101] | 2007 | 1 | Not reported | Rudimentary horn | 37 wk | Viable fetus |
| Mitouarda et al. [102] | 2016 | 1 | Not reported | Left rudimentary horn | 28 wk | Viable fetus |