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. 2023 May 16;20:100664. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100664

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

In vivo bone regeneration promoted by G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogel evaluated at the 12th week of implantation. (a) Graphical illustration showing the implantation of G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogel constructs in rat critical-sized bone defects. (b) Representative 3D reconstructed μCT images and (c) Quantification of the neo-bone formation using BV/TV in specific regions of interest. (d) Representative images of HE-stained tissues. Scale bar: 200 ​μm. (e) Representative images from MT staining. Scale bar: 200 ​μm. (f) Immunofluorescence of tissue samples showing the expression of various bone-related proteins (Col-I, OPN, OCN, & CD31). Scale bar: 200 ​μm. The annotation G stands for the residual hydrogel, OB for old bone and NB for new bone. (g) The quantitative analysis of various bone-related proteins (Col-I, OPN, OCN, & CD31 using ImageJ. All data expressed as mean ​± ​SD (n ​= ​5; ∗p ​< ​0.05, ∗∗p ​< ​0.01, ∗∗∗p ​< ​0.001, ∗∗∗∗p ​< ​0.0001).