Table 2.
Sex- and age-adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-years of coronary heart disease (n = 3296) and number of events (cases = 694) by the level of cultural exposure and the included confounders.
| Variables | Level | Incidence rates1 (events) | 95% confidence intervals | P values2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Attending cultural events3 | Low level | 7.8 (211)4 | 6.7–8.8 | Ref. |
| Middle level | 7.1 (358) | 6.3–7.8 | 0.22 | |
| High level | 5.0 (125) | 4.2–6.0 | 0.000 | |
| Region of residence | The largest cities | 6.3 (193) | 5.4–7.2 | Ref |
| Middle-large towns | 6.9 (249) | 6.0–7.8 | 0.39 | |
| All others | 7.0 (252) | 6.1–7.9 | 0.28 | |
| Education | Low (≤9 years) | 7.4 (523) | 6.7–8.0 | 0.001 |
| Middle (10–12 years) | 5.6 (122) | 4.5–6.5 | 0.17 | |
| High (≥13 years) | 4.7 (049) | 3.4–6.0 | Ref. | |
| Marital status | Married/cohabiting | 6.6 (497) | 6.0–7.2 | Ref. |
| Single living | 7.2 (197) | 6.2–8.2 | 0.26 | |
| Tobacco smoking | Daily | 7.6 (136) | 6.3–8.9 | 0.26 |
| Not/Past use | 6.6 (558) | 6.0–7.1 | Ref. | |
| Physical exercise | At least once a week | 6.1 (187) | 5.2–7.0 | 0.10 |
| Less than once a week | 7.0 (507) | 6.4–7.7 | Ref. | |
| Socially isolated | Yes | 6.8 (259) | 6.0–7.7 | Ref. |
| No | 6.7 (435) | 6.1–7.3 | 0.58 |
1Estimated by Poisson regression adjusted for sex and age (categorised in 8-year bands), shown as incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals.
2P values within each level of the variables compared with a reference category in a sex-and age-adjusted Poisson model.
3Level of cultural exposure: Low the lowest quartile, Middle the two middle quartiles, and High the highest quartile. The level of cultural exposure was based on an index score from a Principal factor analysis (including the variables: visiting cinema, theatre, concert, art museum, other museums and sermons).
4Number of events.