Table. 3.
The association between cultural exposure and coronary heart disease in a longitudinal study of three separate measurements with eight-year intervals (n = 3296).
| Exposure of attending cultural events1 | Cox proportional hazard regression2 | MSM-Cox with IPW3 |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||
| Low level | Reference | Reference |
| Middle level | 0.95 (0.79–1.13) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) |
| p value = 0.49 | p value = 0.029 | |
| High level | 0.74 (0.58–0.95) | 0.66 (0.50–0.86) |
| p value = 0.009 | p value = 0.002 | |
1Level of cultural exposure: Low the lowest quartile, Middle the two middle quartiles, High the highest quartile. The level of cultural exposure was based on an index score from a Principal factor analysis (including the variables: visiting cinema, theatre, concert, art museum, other museums and sermon)2. Adjusted for sex, age, the interaction of sex and age, main region, education, marital status, smoking, exercise and socially isolated3. Marginal Structural Modelling Cox (MSM-Cox) with inverse probability weights (IPW), based on the confounding variables above.