Table 4.

Risk and safety metrics: instruments out of view and excessive instrument force

	Group 1				Group 2
	Mean console A	Mean console B	Mean difference	p value	Mean console B	Mean console A	Mean difference	p value
Pick and Place
Instruments out of view	0	0	–	–	0	0	–	–
Excessive force	0	0.2	0.2	0.374	0	0	–	–
Pegboard 1
Instruments out of view	0.0085	0.0317	− 0.02317	0.541	0.244	0	0.244	0.374
Excessive force	0	0.012	− 0.00116	0.374	0	0	–	–
Matchboard
Instruments out of view	0	0.973	− 0.973	0.114	3.11	0.0058	3.109	0.019
Excessive force	0	0.173	− 0.0173	0.374	0.0707	0	0.707	0.200
Thread the rings 2
Instruments out of view	0.451	1.248	− 0.796	0.225	1.039	2.477	− 1.437	0.401
Excessive force	0.089	1.238	− 1.15	0.420	1.522	0.23	1.293	0.127

Bold—significance at 5%