Table 4.
Pharmacological activities of Andaliman (Z. acanthopodium).
| Sample | Sample Doses | Effect | Study Design | Mechanism/Parameter | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andaliman fruit extracts | Extract concentration is 75%, 50%, and 25% | Antibacterial | In vitro | Inhibition zone and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration | [17] |
| Andaliman fruit extracts | Not identified | Antifungal | In vitro | Inhibition zone and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration | [19] |
| Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Dose series of 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, and 31,25 μg/mL | Anticancer | In vitro using murine P388 leukemia cells | Cytotoxic activity | [23] |
| n-hexane extract of Andaliman fruit | The range of extract concentration is 1 μg/mL - 256 μg/mL | Antibacterial | In vitro | Minimum Inhibitory Concentration | [25] |
| The active fraction of Andaliman fruit | A dose of 10–25 μg/mL | Anti-inflammatory | In vitro | Decrease of TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9 Reduce the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, iNOS, and MMP-9 |
[26] |
| Aqueous and Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses of 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW | Anticancer | In vivo using Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell lines induced cancer in Swiss albino mice | Reduce the tumor volume, packed cell volume, cell viability, and improvement in the hematological parameters | [27] |
| Chloroform fraction (pH 3, 7, and 9) of Andaliman fruit | Doses series of 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, and 31,25 μg/mL | Anticancer | In vitro using T47D, 4T1, MCF-7, HeLa, and Raji Cells line | Inhibitory concentration 50 on T47D, 4T1, MCF-7, HeLa, and Raji Cells line | [28] |
| Ethanol extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses series of 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, and 31,25 μg/mL | Anticancer | In vitro using MCF-7 cell line | Inhibition of MCF-7 proliferation with IC50 is 222.31 μg/mL | [29] |
| Ethyl acetate fraction of Andaliman fruit | Doses series of 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, and 31,25 μg/mL | Anticancer | In vitro using 4T1 cell line | Anti-proliferation activity, cell cycle arrest activity, decrease the COX-2 and VEGFR expressions | [30] |
| Ethyl acetate fraction of Andaliman fruit | Dose series of 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, and 31,25 μg/mL | Anticancer | In vitro using T47D cell line | Cytotoxic activity, cell cycle arrest activity, decrease the cyclin D1 and increase p53 | [31] |
| Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses of 100, mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW | Anticancer | In vivo using cervical cancer rat models | Histological changes in cervical rats, decrease some proteins like IL-1β, TGFβ1, and VEGFR-1 | [32] |
| Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses of 100, mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW | Anticancer | In vivo using cervical cancer rat models | Increase cytochrome c expression | [33] |
| Methanolic extract of a Andaliman fruit |
Doses of 100, mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW | Anticancer | In vivo using cervical cancer rat models | Increase PI3K expression and decrease Wnt expression | [34] |
| Ethyl acetate extract of Andaliman fruit | A dose of 300 mg/kg BW | Cardioprotective | In vivo using doxorubicin-induced rats | Decrease CtnT and CK-MB (markers of cardiotoxicity), histopathological change | [35] |
| Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses of 100, mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW | Nephroprotective | In vivo using benzopyrene-induced rats | Decrease cell necrosis, and histopathological change | [36] |
| Methanolic extract of Andaliman fruit | Doses of 100, mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW | Hepatoprotective | In vivo using benzopyrene-induced rats | Decrease cell necrosis, and histopathological change | [36] |
| Andaliman extract-bacterial cellulose | A dose of 100 mg/kg BW | Wound healing | In vivo using diabetic rat models | Histopathological change | [37] |
| Nano herbal formulation of Andaliman fruit | A dose of 100 mg/kg BW | Wound healing | In vivo using diabetic rat models | Histopathological change, fibroblast cell increase | [38] |
| Nano herbal formulation of Andaliman fruit | Not identified | Placental trophoblast protective | In vitro using trophoblast cells of the human placenta | Decrease NOTCH1 and Hes1 expressions | [39] |
| Nano herbal formulation of Andaliman fruit | A 100 mg/200g BW dose and an addition of 1 mL virgin olive oil extract of 1 mL/200g BW for doses combination | Antipreeclampsia | In vivo using hypertension rat models | Reduce the cytochrome c and FasL, increase apoptosis | [40] |