TIRs with accessible SD-AUG pairs have higher translation efficiencies in natural mRNAs. (A) Plot showing the distribution of SDs in TIRs and EARs, classified with respect to their accessibility. Non-SD TIRs/EARs are shown in dark magenta, and SD TIRs/EARs are shown in green. (B) Translation efficiency values of C. crescentus mRNAs across six categories of accessibility and SD site prevalence, as measured by ribosome profiling (16). Dark magenta data points represent non-SD TIRs, and green data points represents SD TIRs. Squared data points represent low accessibility TIRs, and inverted triangle data points represent moderate accessibility and high accessibility TIRs. The P-values of Mann-Whitney U tests that were calculated for the non-SD and SD pairs for each accessibility category were used to compare the skewed distributions for significance.