Table 5.

Main studies on lncRNA in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)/intermittent hypoxia (IH)

LncRNA name	Expression in IH	Target	Original source	Quantification approach	Main findings	Reference
XR_600374 XR_590196 XR_597099	Down	Unknown	Heart samples of rats	lncRNA microarray and qRT‒PCR	This study revealed for the first time that OSAS changed the expression profile of lncRNA in the rat heart, which could help us to establish the knowledge base of cardiovascular disease pathogenesis induced by OSAS	Chen et al. (2019)477
XR_596701 XR_344474 ENSRNOT00000065561	Up
CPS1-IT	Down	HIF-1	Pulmonary artery tissues of rats	RT‒qPCR	Decreased CPS1-IT could enhance the transcriptional activity of HIF-1, enhance the expression of IL-1β through the NF-κB signaling pathway, and promote pulmonary arterial hypertension in OSAS	Zhang et al. (2019)478
MALAT1	Up	miR-224-5p	Mouse brain tissues and the microglial BV2 mouse cell line	qRT‒PCR	IH increased the expression of MALAT1, further inhibited the expression of miR-224-5p, and finally regulated the NLRP3/IL-1β pathway and promoted hippocampal inflammation	Du et al. (2020)481
MEG3	Up	miR135a	Aortic endothelial tissues of mice	RT‒qPCR	IH induced increased expression of MEG3, and targeted miR-135a upregulated HIF-1α to promote aortic endothelial injury and apoptosis in IH mice	Ding et al. (2020)482
ROR	Up	miR-145	HK-2 cells	qRT‒PCR	ROR alleviated CoCl2-induced hypoxia injury through the regulation of miR-145	Ge et al. (2019)700
ENST00000592016	Up	Unknown	Plasma exosomes of OSAS patients	qRT‒PCR	The level of ENST00000592016 is correlated with the severity of OSAS and can be used as a diagnostic marker for OSAS	Chen et al. (2022)701
MRPL20-AS1	Down	Unknown	Male human coronary artery cells	qRT‒PCR	MRPL20-AS1 might serve as a useful tool to identify patients with severe OSAS	Zietzer et al. (2022)702
NONMMUT032513	Up	ZEB1 and smad5; Cmbl and ADH5 (unverified)	Mouse heart tissues	Microarray and qRT‒PCR	LncRNAs might be responsible for myocardial infarction aggravation under OSAS	Hu et al. (2021)703
NONMMUT074571		ZEB1 and Smtn; Cmbl and Pfdn6 (unverified)
XIST	Up	GRα	The adenoids of patients with OSAS and NP69 cells	qRT‒PCR	XIST reduces the expression of GRα through the NF-κB-dependent signaling pathway, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of OSAS	Zhou et al. (2021)704
XR_595552	Up	PI3K/AKT pathway	H9c2 cells	qRT‒PCR	XR_595552 may play a protective role in alleviating IH-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway	Chen et al. (2023)705