Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of SELF study participants overall and by depressive symptoms, 2010 and 2012 (n=1,612)
| Overall | Depressive Symptoms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| High CES-D | Low CES-D | |||
| n=1,612 (%) | n=589 (37%) | n=1,023 (64%) | p-value1 | |
|
| ||||
| Demographic Variables | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 31 (3.5) | 31.07 (3.5) | 30.96 (3.4) | 0.552 |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 33.09 (26.9, 40.0) | 33.98 (27.9, 40.6) | 32.63 (26.5, 39.7) | 0.032 |
| Always live in Detroit | 997 (62) | 360 (62) | 637 (62) | 0.81 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never married or never lived as married | 725 (45) | 269 (465) | 456 (45) | 0.02 |
| Previously married or previously lived as married | 271 (17) | 116 (20) | 155 (15) | |
| Currently married or currently living as married | 616 (38) | 204 (35) | 412 (40) | |
| High childhood supportive environment | 1298 (81) | 420 (71) | 878 (86) | <0.001 |
| High adult social support | 937 (58) | 247 (42) | 690 (67) | <0.001 |
| Childhood Socioeconomic Indicators | ||||
| Both parents at home at age 10 | 839 (53) | 290 (50) | 549 (54) | 0.13 |
| High childhood household income | 965 (60) | 316 (54) | 649 (63) | <0.001 |
| Mother at least high school education | 1386 (86) | 483 (82) | 903 (88) | 0.001 |
| Food secure | 1406 (87) | 485 (82) | 921 (90) | <0.001 |
| Adult Socioeconomic Indicators | ||||
| Household income ≥$20,000 | 903 (56) | 269 (46) | 634 (62) | <0.001 |
| At least associate degree | 703 (44) | 204 (35) | 499 (49) | <0.001 |
| Household income supporting 3 or fewer people | 1144 (71) | 427 (73) | 717 (70) | 0.33 |
| Employed | 1173 (73) | 386 (66) | 787 (77) | <0.001 |
| No difficulty paying expenses | 404 (25) | 84 (14) | 320 (31) | <0.001 |
*
CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); standard deviation (SD); interquartile range (IQR)
1
Pearson chi-squared tests
2
Kruskal-Wallis test