Figure 6.

SEM model for the within-person relation over time between reward anticipation-motivation and clinical status (bottom portion). A second model, with the same design but modeling the relation between response to reward attainment and clinical status, was also calculated.The top portion of the model is the level-2 portion of the model (one value for each parameter per individual). Hence, all parameters in the top portion have a subscript of “i” designating “individual” participants. The bottom portion of the model represents level-1 of the model (one value for each timepoint for each individual). Hence, every parameter in the bottom portion has a subscript of “ij” designating timepoint “j” for individual “i”. As discussed in the text, we focus on the within-person concurrent relation between clinical status and reward anticipation-motivation portion of the model (the bottom portion of the model). The ή1_i – ή7_i (top portion of model) represent the latent average of variables 1-7 across the assessments for each individual. The ή1_ij – ή7_ij in the bottom portion of the model represent the latent deviations from the average of variables 1-7 at each timepoint for each individual. The latent Between-Persons Outcome ή_i (top portion of the Figure) represents the underlying individual characteristic that drives the average level of each variable across assessments for each individual. In the bottom portion of the model, the latent Clinical Status ή_ij represents the composite latent deviation score for Clinical Status (at each timepoint for each individual). Similarly, the latent reward anticipation-motivation ή_ij represents the composite latent deviation score for reward anticipation-motivation at each timepoint for each individual. We report the correlation of these 2 latent variables, a correlation within-persons over time, as our test of whether the target is related to concurrent outcomes.

Note: Abbreviations see Figures 2-5; BAS-RD = Behavioral Activation Scale-Reward Drive Subscale; %Hard Choices = % of hard choices in the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task.