Figure 24.

Structural forces obtained from GC-NEMD simulations. (a) CG models of imidazolium BF₄ RTIL confined between substrates with positively or negatively charged substrates with surface charge density σ = ±32 μC/cm². Reproduced with permission from ref (233). Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. (b) Structural forces of pure CG RTILs and RTILs dissolved in acetonitrile (molar ratios 0.5:0.5 and 0.1:0.9) and confined between charged plates with charge density σ = −32 μC/cm². Adapted with permission from ref (321). Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. (c) Force–distance curves for coarse grained models of ionic liquids. (top panel) Ionic liquid confined between negatively charged surfaces with σ = −10 μC/cm² on both surfaces. (bottom panel) Ionic liquid confined between neutral plates. SM and TM refer to models of spherical ions and coarse grained ions with tails, respectively. Reproduced with permission from ref (209). Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society.