Table 1.

Related pathways and specific effects

Pathway	Enzyme or protein	Category	Specific effects	Reference
RTK related pathway	GnT-III	N-acetylglucosaminyltransfease	Influencing EGF binding and receptor autophosphorylation	[106]
	GnT-V		Influencing PLCγ-PKC pathway	[111]
	GALNT2	N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase	Influencing PI3K/Akt/mTOR	[114]
	FUT8	Fucosyltransferase	Influencing LCA binding to MET and EGFR	[96]
	MUC4	Mucin	Regulating EGFR expression	[9]
	GOLPH3	Golgi phosphoprotein	Decreasing EGFR proliferation signaling activity	[116]
TGF-β pathway	ST3GAL1	Sialytransferase	Indirectly controlling FoxM1 protein degradation by the APC/C-Cdh1 complex	[117]
MAPK pathway	Hsc70	Heat shock protein	Decreasing the levels of β4GalT5 downstream signaling proteins P-ERK1, P-JNK1 and P-Akt.	[119]
	Advanced Glycation End Products	Glycotoxins	Activating tyrosine kinase and RAS related pathways, inducing the activation of p38 MAPK	[168]