Table 1.
Cells producing oxysterols and cells responding to oxysterols
| Source | Oxysterol | Target cells | Effect | Mechanism | in vitro | in vivo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Stromal cells (SC) | 7α,25-HC | B/T cells, DCs, ILC3, eosinophils | Migration | GPR813 ligand | Yes | Yes |
| SC | 7α,27-HC | DC | Migration | GPR813 ligand | Yes | Yes |
| SC | 7α,27-HC | CD4 T cells | IL-17 production | RORγt ligand | Yes | Young animals only |
| Unknown | 7β,27-HC | CD4 T cells | IL-17 production | RORγt ligand | Yes | Young animals only |
| Macrophages (Mph) |
25-HC | Mph | Inflammasome inhibition |
AIM2 | Yes | Yes |
| Mph | 25-HC | Mph | Inflammatory cytokine release |
Not LXR | Yes | Yes |
| Mph | 25-HC | Mph | Antiviral | Membrane cholesterol/ Viral components |
Yes | Yes |
| Follicular DC | 25-HC | B cells | Altered PC differentiation | SREBP2 | Yes | Yes |
| Mph | 27-HC | Mph | Inflammatory cytokine release |
Estrogen receptor α | Yes | No |
| Tumor | 22-HC | Myeloid | Migration | CXCR2 | Yes | Exogenous 22-HC |